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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ageism |
a prejudice where people are categorized and judged based on their age; prejudice against the elderly |
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Elder-speak |
a condescending way of speaking to older adults; resembles baby talk; loud, patronizing |
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Young-old: Old-old: Oldest-old: |
Young-old: 60-75; largest group; completely independent Old-old: 75-85; some decline in mind and body, but still very much independent Oldest-old: over 85; very dependent on others |
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In U.S., what percent of adults are oldest-old? And of those, what percent are in nursing homes/hospitals? |
10%; 4% |
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Wear and Tear Theory |
body and mind slowly decline after continuous use |
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Genetic Clock Theory |
some people have alleles that will allow them to live longer, while some people have alleles that predispose them to diseases |
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Cellular Aging Theory |
aging affects cells and molecules and their cell replication |
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Haflick Limit |
on average, human cells can replicated 50 times, and after that, will see signs of aging |
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The aging brain has a __________ in the production of ___________, _______ in the brain starts to thin, and it takes a ________ amount of time to perform and react to tasks. |
reduction; neurotransmitters; myelin; longer |
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Three things that shrink in the brain with age: |
Grey matter, Hypothalamus, and Hippocampus |
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3 Types of Information Processing (after age 65): |
Input (Sensing) - lost of visual acuity, not everything in visual field will be picked up Memory (Storage) - "source amnesia", forget origin of fact/idea/picture; harder to retrieve memories Output (Retrieval) - gradual decline in trying to remember things |
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What did Krampe et. al.'s 2011 study show when it came to multi-tasking and memory retrieval? |
Older adults and children perform worse than young adults when trying to remember something while walking. |
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Primary aging |
gradual and inevitable process of bodily deterioration |
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Secondary aging |
specific illnesses/conditions become more common with aging |
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Compression of morbidity |
shortening of time a person spends ill before death |
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Dementia |
irreversible loss of intellectual functioning caused by organic brain damage or disease; loss of memory; can't recognize faces/people |
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Mild Cognitive Impairment |
forgetting title of movie, forgetting restaurant name; normal part of aging |
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Alzheimer Disease The Stages: |
most common cause of dementia; no cure Forgetfulness - forgetting recent events General confusion and memory deficits - ramble in conversations, mix up words Memory loss becomes dangerous Full-time care needed Mute and unresponsive |
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Death usually comes _____ to ____ years after first sign of Alzheimer's. |
10 to 15 |
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Brain plasticity |
exercising of the brain to prevent brain loss |
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Erikson's 8th (and Final) Stage of Psychosocial Development |
Integrity vs. Despair; "did I have a meaningful life?"; wisdom, reflecting back on life; come away with sense of fulfillment or a sense of regret, depending on life's events |
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Final stage of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
Self-Actualization; characterized by creative, philosophical, and spiritual understanding |
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The Life Review |
older adults will attempt to connect their life's experiences with future generations, often through story telling |
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Centenarian |
adult 100 years or older |
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Maximum Life Expectancy |
oldest possible age that members of a species can life under ideal circumstances |
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Average Life Expectancy Average Life Expectancy: for U.S. male newborns? for U.S. female newborns? |
number of years the average newborn in a population is likely to live; male - 76 years old; female - 81 years old |