Chapter 14 Chemistry Vocabulary

Front 1

boiling-point elevation

Back 1

the difference between the boiling point of a pure
solvent and a nonelectrolyte of that solvent, directly proportional to the molal
concentration of the solution

Front 2

colligative properties

Back 2

properties that depend on the concentration of solute
particles but not on their identity

Front 3

dissociation

Back 3

the separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound
dissolves

Front 4

freezing-point depression

Back 4

the difference between the freezing points of a pure
solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte in that solvent; is directly proportional
to the molal concentration of the solution

Front 5

hydronium ion

Back 5

the H3O+ ion

Front 6

ionization

Back 6

the formation of ions from solute molecules by the action of the
solvent

Front 7

molal boiling-point constant

Back 7

the boiling-point elevation of a solvent in a
1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute

Front 8

molal freezing-point constant

Back 8

the freezing-point depression of the solvent in
a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte solute

Front 9

net ionic equation

Back 9

an equation that includes only those compounds and ions
that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution

Front 10

nonvolatile substance

Back 10

a substance that has little tendency to become a gas
under existing conditions

Front 11

osmosis

Back 11

the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from the
side of lower solute concentration to the side of higher solute
concentration

Front 12

osmotic pressure

Back 12

the external pressure that must be applied to stop
osmosis

Front 13

semipermeable membrane

Back 13

a membrane that allows the movement of some
particles while blocking the movement of others

Front 14

spectator ion

Back 14

an ion that does not take part in a chemical reaction and is found
in solution both before and after the reaction

Front 15

strong electrolyte

Back 15

any compound of which all or almost all of the dissolved
compound exists as ions in aqueous solution

Front 16

weak electrolyte

Back 16

a compound of which a relatively small amount of the
dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous solution