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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution:
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all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time
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adaptation:
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an inherited chararistic that improves an organisms ability to survive and reproduce in a particular envirement.
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descent with modification:
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when animals accullmulate different modifications, or adaptations, to diverse ways of life
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natural selection:
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the process by which individuals with inherited chararistics well-suited to their envirorement leave more offspring on average than do other individuals
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summarize ideas from Darwins time that influenced his work
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Lamerack and Buffon were to scientists who came up with ideas that Darwin used to start his work
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identify some key observations from Darwins voyage that led to his theory
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Darwin found different "versions" of the same species living in relatively close areas.
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fossil:
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markings left by organisms that lived in the past
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fossil record:
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the chronological collection of lifes remains in rock remains
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extinct:
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species that no longer extinct
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homologous structure:
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similar structers in species sharing a common ancester
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vestigial structure:
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structers that had a function in a previous organism but have no function in the current one
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describe information the fossil revord contains about life on Earth
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it shows the different time periods that different organisms lived and lets us compare them
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tell how the geographic distribution of organisms relates to evolution
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it shows that some organisms are older than others and lets us tell about when life began
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explain how similarites in structere and developement among different species are evidence for evolution
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it shows which species evolved from the same ancester
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describe moleclear evedence for evolution
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the genes that match closely in different species show that those species are related
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population:
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a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time
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variation:
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differences among members of the same species
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artificial selection:
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selective breeding of plants and animals to produce offspring with wanted chararistics
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summarize Darwins theory of natural selection
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Darwins theory is that individuals within a population that have inherited chararistics that are well suited to their envirement will reproduce, on average, more often than others
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compare and contrast artificial selection with natural selection
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artificial selection is breeding two animals for a specific chararistic, while natural selection slowly gets them all
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relate pesticide resistance to insects to natural selections
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pesticide resistance is an inherited chararistic. and should be considered as part of natural selection
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gene pool:
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consists of all the alleles in the individuals that make up a population
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microevolution:
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evolution on a small scale
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Hardy-Wienburg equilibrium:
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when populations that do not undergo change to their gene pools then they are not presently evolving
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genetic drift:
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a change in the gene pool of a population due to chance
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gene flow:
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the exchange of genes with another population
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fitness:
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the contribution an induvidual makes to the gene pool of individuals
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Explain the significance of gene pools in understanding evolution
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when the gene pool changes scientists can see the evolutionary changes to the population
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explain what is meant by the term fitness
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when an organism reproduces it is adding to the gene pool through their offspring
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antibiotic:
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a medicine that slows or stops the growth of a virus
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explain how natural selection causes the sickle cell allele to persist in some gene pools
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having one of the genes to stop malaria is okay, but having two results in sickle cell deasease, and the malaria resistant gene is frequent in areas that have malaria commonly.
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antibiotic:
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a medicine that slows or stops the growth of a virus
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explain how natural selection causes the sickle cell allele to persist in some gene pools
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having one of the genes to stop malaria is okay, but having two results in sickle cell deasease, and the malaria resistant gene is frequent in areas that have malaria commonly.
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