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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
selective breeding |
method of breeding that allows only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
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hyridization |
breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms |
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inbreeding |
\continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics to maintain the desired characteristics of a line of organisms |
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genetic engineering |
process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms |
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restriction enzyme |
enzymes that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides |
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gel electrophoresis |
procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel |
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recombinant DNA |
DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources |
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polymearse chain reaction |
technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene |
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karyotype |
photograph of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs |
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sex chromosome |
one of two chromosomes that determine an individuals sex |
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autosome |
chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
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pedigree |
chart that shows the relationships within a family |
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sex-linked gene |
gene located on the X or Y chromosome |
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nondisjunction |
error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate |
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DNA fingerprinting |
analysis of of DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely from one individual to another, in order to identify individuals |