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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cloning vector |
a carrier used to clone a gene and transfer it from one organism
to another |
|
DNA fingerprint
|
a pattern of bands made up of specific fragments from an |
|
DNA technology
|
technology involved in genetic engineering |
|
donor gene
|
a specific gene that is isolated from another organism and spliced
into a plasmid |
|
gel electrophoresis
|
technique used to separate nucleic acids or proteins by size
and charge |
|
gene clone
|
an exact copy of a gene
|
|
gene therapy
|
treatment of a genetic disorder by introducing a healthy gene into
a cell |
|
genetic engineering
|
a form of applied genetics in which scientists directly
manipulate genes |
|
genomic library
|
a set of thousands of DNA pieces cut by a specific restriction |
|
herbicide
|
weed-controlling chemicals
|
|
Human Genome Project
|
worldwide scientific collaboration to determine the
nucleotide sequence of the entire human genome |
|
insulin
|
a hormone that lowers the blood glucose level
|
|
nitrogen fixation
|
the process by which gaseous nitrogen in the air is |
|
pathogen
|
an organism that causes disease
|
|
plasmid
|
a single ring of extrachromosomal DNA in bacteria |
|
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
|
technique used to quickly make many
copies of selected segments of DNA |
|
primer
|
an artificially made single-stranded sequence of DNA required for the
initiation of replication |
|
probe
|
a radioactive segment of DNA used in DNA fingerprinting
|
|
recombinant DNA
|
a DNA segment from at least two different
organisms |
|
restriction enzyme
|
a protein that recognizes specific sequences in a DNA
molecule and cuts it into pieces |
|
RFLP analysis
|
restriction fragment length polymorphism; the method for
preparing a DNA fingerprint |
|
sticky end
|
the single-stranded end of a double-stranded DNA fragment that
can form base pairs with another sticky end of a DNA fragment cut by the same enzyme |
|
transgenic organism
|
a host organism that has received recombinant
DNA |
|
vaccine
|
a solution containing a harmless version of a virus, bacterium, or toxin
that causes an immune response when introduced to the body |