Chapter 13: Ladders

Front 1

A piece of material that prevents the fly section(s) of a ladder from overextending and collapsing the ladder

Back 1

Stop

Front 2

A ladder crosspiece that provides a climbing step

Back 2

Rung

Front 3

The end of the ladder that is placed against the ground when the ladder is raised

Back 3

Butt

Front 4

The very top of the ladder

Back 4

Tip

Front 5

Part of a Bangor ladder

Back 5

Staypoles

Front 6

The ladder component that supports the rungs

Back 6

Beam

Front 7

The top and bottom surfaces of a trussed ladder

Back 7

Rail

Front 8

The rope or cable used to extend or hoist the fly section(s) of the extension ladder

Back 8

Halyard

Front 9

A method of existing from an area or building

Back 9

Egress

Front 10

A mechanical locking device used to secure the fly section(s) of a ladder

Back 10

Dogs

Front 11

The rope or cable used to extend the fly section

Back 11

Halyard

Front 12

Ladders are designed to allow access to attic scuttle holes and confined areas

Back 12

Folding ladders

Front 13

When a fire fighter stands between the ladder and the structure, grasps the beams, and leans to pull the ladder into the structure

Back 13

Heeling the ladder

Front 14

What is the most important safety check?

Back 14

Confirming location of overhead utility lines

Front 15

What must be done as quickly as possible when rescuing any person?

Back 15

Establishing verbal contact

Front 16

A ladder that has no halyard, is generally short, and is designed for attic access

Back 16

Fresno ladder

Front 17

Why are ladder gins used?

Back 17

To access below grade sites

(Constructing ladders into an "A" or triangle)

Front 18

When climbing a ladder, how should fire fighter look?

Back 18

Look forward, with an occasional glance upward

Front 19

Small grooved wheel that is used to change the direction of the halyard pull

Back 19

Pulley

Front 20

How is the transfer of the weight of the user to the beams done?

Back 20

Through the rungs

Front 21

When are staypoles required on ladders?

Back 21

Ladders 40 feet or greater

Front 22

How are most ladders carried?

Back 22

With butt end forward

Front 23

What does the horizontal bending test evaluate?

Back 23

Structural strength of the ladder

Front 24

What are the two common techniques for raising portable ladders?

Back 24

Beam and rung raises

Front 25

What does butt spurs prevent?

Back 25

Ladder from slipping out of position

Front 26

What are ladders with staypoles or tormentors typically referred as?

Back 26

Bangor ladders

Front 27

When the ladder is used to access a roof, what is the common rule of thumb when identifying the length of ladder to use on a structure?

Back 27

At least five ladder rungs show above the roofline

Front 28

What does the number of fire fighters required to raise a ladder depend on?

Back 28

Length and weight of the ladder

Front 29

What is the proper climbing angle for maximum load capacity and strength?

Back 29

75 degrees

Front 30

A straight ladder equipped with retractable hooks to secure the tip of the ladder to a pitched roof

Back 30

Roof ladder

Front 31

In most cases, what length ladder (straight or roof ladder) can a single fire fighter safely carry?

Back 31

Less than 18 feet long

Front 32

How much weight can most portable ladders support?

Back 32

750 pounds

Front 33

Top or bottom section of a trussed beam

Back 33

Rail

Front 34

What is also referred as pawls, ladder locks, or rung locks?

Back 34

Dogs

Front 35

What is the maximum length that fire service portable ladders are limited to?

Back 35

50 feet

Front 36

The part of extension ladder that is raised or extended from bed section

Back 36

Fly section

Front 37

The metal bar that runs from one beam of the ladder to the other and keeps the beam from separating

Back 37

Tie rod

Front 38

Piece that connects the two rails of a trussed beam

Back 38

Truss block

Front 39

Strips of metal or wood that serve to guide a fly section during extension

Back 39

Guides

Front 40

Intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder

Back 40

Ladder belt

Front 41

Label changes color at present temperature to indicate a specific heat exposure

Back 41

Heat sensor label

Front 42

Metal rod that runs from one beam of ladder to the other to keep beams from separating

Back 42

Tie rod

Front 43

Spring loaded, retractable, curved metal pieces that allow tip of a roof ladder to be secured to peak of pitched roof

Back 43

Roof hooks

Front 44

Reinforcement material placed on ladder at chafing and contact points to prevent damage from friction and contact with other surfaces

Back 44

Protection Plates

Front 45

Base section which is the lowest or widest section of extension ladder

Back 45

Bed section

Front 46

Rope used on extension ladders for purpose of raising fly sections

Back 46

Halyard

Front 47

Device with free turning, grooved metal wheel used to reduce rope function

Back 47

Pulley

Front 48

Assembly of two or more ladder sections that can be extended or retracted to adjust the length

Back 48

Extension ladder

Front 49

How can fire fighters who are working from a ladder, secure themselves to the ladder?

Back 49

Use a ladder belt or a leg lock

Front 50

Converts from a straight ladder to a stepladder configuration

Back 50

Combination ladder

Front 51

What should a fire fighter maintain while dismounting a ladder?

Back 51

Maintain contact with the ladder with a three points

Front 52

One of the most functional, versatile, and rapidly deployable tools used by fire fighters

Back 52

Portable ladder

Front 53

What can be used to secure a ladder in place?

Back 53

Rope, rope hose tool or webbing

Front 54

Single section, fixed length ladder

Back 54

Straight ladder

Front 55

What serves as the steps of a ladder?

Back 55

Rungs

Front 56

Which ladders are permanently mounted, power operated ladders with a working length of at least 50 feet?

Back 56

Aerial

Front 57

A piece of material that prevents the fly sections of a ladder from becoming overextended, leading to collapse of the ladder

Back 57

Stop

Front 58

A single ladder equipped with hooks at top end of the ladder

Back 58

Roof ladder

Front 59

The top or bottom piece of a trussed beam assembly used in the construction of a trussed ladder. Also the top and bottom surfaces of an I-beam ladder

Back 59

Rail

Front 60

A compliant equipment item that is intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder

Back 60

Ladder belt

Front 61

Rope used on extension ladders for the purpose of raising a fly section

Back 61

Halyard

Front 62

Component of a ground ladder support that remains in contact with the lower support surface to reduce slippage

Back 62

Butt Spurs

Front 63

To go or come out; to exit from an area or building

Back 63

Egress

Front 64

The lowest or widest section of an extension ladder

Back 64

Base section

Front 65

Poles attached to each beam of the base section of extension ladders, which assist in raising the ladder and help provide stability of the raised ladder

Back 65

Staypoles

Front 66

A device with a free turning grooved metal wheel (sheave) used to reduce rope friction. Side plates are available for a carabiner to be attached

Back 66

Pulley

Front 67

The spring loaded, retractable curved metal pieces that allow the tip of a roof ladder to be secured to the peak of a pitched roof. They fold outward from each beam at the top of the roof ladder

Back 67

Roof hooks

Front 68

The ladder crosspieces, on which a person steps while ascending or descending

Back 68

Rung

Front 69

The main structural side of a ground ladder

Back 69

Beam

Front 70

An A-shaped structure formed with two ladder sections. It can be used as a makeshift lift when raising a trapped person. One form of the device is called an A-frame hoist

Back 70

Ladder Gin

Front 71

The end of the beam that is placed on the ground, or other support surface when ground ladders are in the raised section

Back 71

Butt

Front 72

Devices attached to a fly section(s) to engage ladder rungs near the beams of the section below for the purpose of anchoring the fly section(s)

Back 72

Pawls

Front 73

A measurement of the angle used in road design and expressed as a percentage of elevation change over distance

Back 73

Grade

Front 74

The very top of the ladder

Back 74

Tip

Front 75

When possible, which is the preferred method of cleaning the ladder?

Back 75

Soft bristle brush, mild solvent, and water

Front 76

How should wire rope halyard extensions be checked?

Back 76

With the fly section fully bedded

Front 77

In addition to after each use, when should a ladder normally be visually inspected?

Back 77

Monthly

Front 78

What are the spring loaded, retractable, curved metal pieces that allow the tip of a roof ladder to be secured to the peak of a pitched roof?

Back 78

Roof hooks

Front 79

What are two main structural components that run the entire length of most ladders or ladder sections?

Back 79

Beams

Front 80

A method to exit or escape

Back 80

Egress

Front 81

The level at which the ground intersects the foundation or structure

Back 81

Grade

Front 82

Permanently mounted, power operated ladders with a working ladder length between 50 feet and 137 feet

Back 82

Aerial ladders

Front 83

What compliant are fire service portable ladders certified to?

Back 83

NFPA 1931

Front 84

What is the minimum distance away from any power lines while using or raising them?

Back 84

10 feet

Front 85

What is the proper climbing angle for maximum load capacity and safety?

Back 85

Approximately 75 degrees

Front 86

What distance is the base of the ladder placed out from the building to achieve the proper climbing angle?

Back 86

Place the base of a ladder from the building at a distance equal to one-fourth of the ladder's height to achieve a climbing angle of 75 degrees

Front 87

What weight are most fire department portable ladders designed to support?

Back 87

750 pounds

Front 88

To provide access through a window, the _____________ of the ladder should be on the _____________ side of the window and even with the _____________ of the window opening

Back 88

To provide access through a window, the tip of the ladder should be on the upwind side of the window and even with the top of the window opening

Front 89

For entry and rescue operations, the ____________ of the ladder should be just ________________ the windowsill.

Back 89

For entry and rescue operations, the tip of the ladder should be just below the windowsill.

Front 90

How should a straight ladder be carried and pointed?

Back 90

Carried with butt end first and pointed slightly downward

Front 91

What is the common rule of thumb in regards to how many ladder rungs should show above the roofline?

Back 91

At least five ladder rungs show above the roofline

Front 92

What is compliant that states how portable ladders must be regularly inspected, maintained, and service tested?

Back 92

NFPA 1932

Front 93

According to NFPA 1901, what is the approximate floor to floor height distance for Residential Construction?

Back 93

8-10 feet

Front 94

According to NFPA 1901, what is the approximate floor to window sill height distance for Residential Construction?

Back 94

3 feet

Front 95

If a ladder is being raised to a window 20 feet above the ground, how far should the base of the ladder be placed from the building?

Back 95

Place 5 feet from building

Position the base of the ladder out from the building at a distance to one-fourth of the ladder height; 20 feet / 4 = 5 feet

Front 96

Narrow, two section extension ladder that is designed to provide attic access; has no halyard and is extended manually

Back 96

Fresno ladder

Front 97

When placing a ladder, the fire fighter is standing on a rung. How far away is the ladder from the fire fighter?

Back 97

Rung at shoulder height will be approximately one arm's length away

Front 98

When raising a ladder, when is a beam raise typically used?

Back 98

When the ladder must be raised parallel to the target surface (in an alley, obstruction in way)

Front 99

When raising a ladder, when is a rung raise typically used?

Back 99

When the ladder can be raised from a position perpendicular to the target surface