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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The water that lies beneath the ground surface, filling the pore space between grains in bodies of sediment and clastic sedimentary rock and filling cracks in all rocks
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Ground water
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_______ accounts for 22% if the worlds supply of freshwater.
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Ground water
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The subsurface zone in which all rock openings are filled with water is called
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The saturated zone
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Refers to the capacity of a rock to transmit a fluid such as water or petroleum through pores and fractures
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Permeability
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The upper surface of the saturated zone is called
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The water table
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Above the water table is a zone that is referred to the
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Unsaturated Zone or Zone of Aeration
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The top of a body of gorund water seperated from the main water table beneath it by a zone that is not saturated is called
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Perched water table
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________ forms as ground water collected above a lens of less permeable shale within a more permeable rock such as sandstone
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Perched water table
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A body of saturated rock or sediment through which water can move easily is
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Aquifer
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______ are highly permeable and saturated with water
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Aquifers
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A _______ is located at the surface overlying an impermeable bed or aquitard
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Unconfined Aquifer
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Has a water table only partially filled with water
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Unconfined aquifer
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Recharged by precipitation
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Unconfined Aquifer
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Rapid movement of ground water through it.
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Unconfined Aquifer
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Completely filled with water under pressure and is seperated from the surface by a confining bed or aquitard
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Confined Aquifer
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Recharges slowly through confining shale beds.
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Confined Aquifer
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Slow movement of ground water and may have no response to wet and dry seasons.
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Confined Aquifer.
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A place where water flows naturally from rock onto the land surface
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Spring
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Occurs where water flows out from caverns or along fractures faults or rock contacts that come to the surface
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Spring
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Most streams are referred to as _____ a they receive water from the saturated zone.
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Gaining Stream
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Channels above the water table are considered
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Losing streams
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A deep hole that is dug or drilled into the ground to penetrate an aquifer within the saturated zone is
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A well
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The addition of new water to the saturated zone is called
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Recharged
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When water is pumped from the well the water table is drawn down around the well into a depression known as a
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Cone of depression
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_________ lends to the change of direction of groundwater flow by changing the slop of the water table.
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Drawdown
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In confined aquifers the water is under pressure and rises in wells to a level above the aquifer known as an
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Artesian well
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Naturally formed chambers when slightly acidic groundwater dissloves limestone long the joints
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Caves
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Icicle like pendants of dripstone hanging from cave ceilings
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Stalactites
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Cone shapped massed of dripstone formed on cave floors
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Stalagmites
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Satalactites and Stalagmites form together to make s
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Column
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Closed depressions found on land surfaces underlain by limestone
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Sinkholes
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Form by the collapse of a cave by solution as descending water changes a crack in limestone
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Sinkholes
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An area with many sinkholes and caves beneath the surface is said to have
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Karst topography
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Springs in which water is warmer than human body temperature
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Hot springs
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Circulation of ground water near magma chamber or igneous rock is a way that ____ form
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Hot springs
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Circulation deep in the Earths crust can heat ground water forming a
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Hot Spring
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A type of hot spring that periodically erupts hot water and steam
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Geyser
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