Chapter 13 Conforming #2

Front 1

Albumin

Back 1

Protein found in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood.

Front 2

Anisocytosis

Back 2

Abnormal condition of unequal size of cells (red blood cells or erythrocytes).

Front 3

Antibody

Back 3

Protein (immunoglobin) made by white blood cells (lymphocytes) in response to foreign substances (bacteria, viruses, or other antigens) in the blood. Any antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it.

Front 4

Anticoagulant

Back 4

Substance that prevents blood clotting.

Front 5

Antigen

Back 5

Foreign agent that stimulates the production of an antibody.

Front 6

Basophil

Back 6

White blood cell (leukocyte) containing dark-staining granules that have an affinity for basic dye.

Front 7

Bilirubin

Back 7

Orange-yellow pigment found in bile. It is released from the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die.

Front 8

Coagulation

Back 8

Process of blood clotting.

Front 9

Coagulopathy

Back 9

Disease of blood clotting.

Front 10

Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Back 10

Protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells (granulocytes).

Front 11

Cytology

Back 11

Study of cells.

Front 12

Differentiation

Back 12

Specialization of cells from immature to mature forms.

Front 13

Electrophoresis

Back 13

Method used to separate serum (fluid) proteins by electrical charge

Front 14

Eosinophil

Back 14

White blood cell whose granules stain intensely with an acidic eosin (reddish) dye (grandules turn red (eosin) in the presence of dye); elevated in allergic reactions.

Front 15

Eosinophilia

Back 15

Increase in numbers of eosinophils in the bloodstream.

Front 16

Erythroblast

Back 16

Immature, developing red blood cell.

Front 17

Erythrocytopenia

Back 17

Deficiency of red blood cells.

Front 18

Erythropoiesis

Back 18

Formation of red blood cells.

Front 19

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Back 19

Substance (hormone) secreted by the kidneys to stimulate bone marrow to produce erythrocytes (red blood cell).

Front 20

Fibrin

Back 20

Protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot.

Front 21

Fibrinogen

Back 21

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process.

Front 22

Globulins

Back 22

Major blood proteins; immunoglobulins, alpha, beta and gamma globulins are examples.

Front 23

Granulocyte

Back 23

White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules in its cytoplasma; neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil.

Front 24

Granulocytopenia

Back 24

Deficiency of granulocytes (white blood cells).

Front 25

Hematopoiesis

Back 25

Formation of blood cells.

Front 26

Hemoglobin

Back 26

Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells.

Front 27

Hemoglobinopathy

Back 27

Disease or defect (abnormal) of hemoglobin production. Sickle cell anemia & thalassema are examples.

Front 28

Hemolysis

Back 28

Destruction or breakdown of blood; specifically red blood cells.

Front 29

Hemostasis

Back 29

Stoppage of bleeding or circulation of blood.

Front 30

Heparin

Back 30

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissues.

Front 31

Hypochromic

Back 31

Pertaining to deficiency in color; reduction of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Front 32

Immune system

Back 32

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion.

Front 33

Immunoglobulin

Back 33

Protein (anti-body produced by plasma cells) that acts to protect the body by destroying antigents. Antibody-containing protein in the blood; IgA, IgG, IgM,

Front 34

Leukapheresis

Back 34

Removal of white blood cells from the rest of the blood by centrifugation.

Front 35

Leukocyte

Back 35

White blood cell.

Front 36

Leukocytopenia

Back 36

Deficiency of white blood cells.

Front 37

Lymphocyte

Back 37

White blood cell with a single nucleus (mononuclear); capable of producing antibodies.

Front 38

Macrocytosis

Back 38

Presence of large red blood cells in the blood. (abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of microcytes (red blood cells that are larger than normal).

Front 39

Macrophage

Back 39

Large phagocytic cell (in blood and tissues) that eats (engulfs) other cells; derived from a monocyte.

Front 40

Megakaryocyte

Back 40

Large, giant cell with a big nucleus;immature platelet precursor found in the bone marrow.

Front 41

Microcytosis

Back 41

Increased numbers of smaller than normal red blood cells. (Abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of microcytes (red blood cells that are smaller than normal).

Front 42

Monoblast

Back 42

Immature monocyte (white blood cell).

Front 43

Monocyte

Back 43

White blood cell (agranulocyte) with one large nucleus (formed in bone marrow); becomes macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues.

Front 44

Mononuclear

Back 44

Pertaining to a white blood cell with one large, round nucleus; monocyte or lymphocyte.

Front 45

Morphology

Back 45

Study of the shape and form of cells, particularly red blood cells.

Front 46

Myeloblast

Back 46

Bone marrow cell that developes into a myelocyte and then a leukocyte. Immature granulocytic while blood cell; a cell normally only found in the bone marrow.

Front 47

Myeloid

Back 47

Derived from bone marrow.

Front 48

Myelogenous

Back 48

Pertaining to cells produced in the bone marrow.

Front 49

Myelopoiesis

Back 49

Formation and development of bone marrow or cells that originate from it.

Front 50

Neutropenia

Back 50

Deficiency of neutrophils.

Front 51

Neutrophil

Back 51

White blood cell with dark granules that stain with a neutral dye; phagocyte formed in the bone marrow and the body’s first line of defense against disease. Also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte or poly.

Front 52

Neutrophilia

Back 52

Increased numbers of neutrophils.

Front 53

Pancytopenia

Back 53

Deficiency of all (blood) cells.

Front 54

Phagocyte

Back 54

Cell that engulfs (ingests) another cell or foreign organism and destroys it.

Front 55

Plasma

Back 55

Liquid portion of blood containing proteins, water, salts, nutrients, hormones and vitamins.

Front 56

Plasmapheresis

Back 56

Removal of plasma from the rest of the blood by mechanical means (centrifuge).

Front 57

Platelet

Back 57

Smallest blood cell (thrombocyte); these cells clump at sites of injury to prevent bleeding and facitilate clotting. Clotting cell or thrombocyte.

Front 58

Plateletpheresis

Back 58

Removal of platelets from the rest of the blood by centrifugation.

Front 59

Poikilocytosis

Back 59

Irregularity in the shape of red blood cells.

Front 60

Polymorphonuclear

Back 60

Pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed nucleus (in granulocytic(neutrophil) white blood cells).

Front 61

Prothrombin

Back 61

Plasma protein converted to thrombin in the clotting process.

Front 62

Reticulocyte

Back 62

Immature erythrocyte with a network of strands (reticulum) that are seen after staining the cellw with special dyes.

Front 63

Rh factor

Back 63

Antigen (protein) on red blood cells of Rh positive individuals.

Front 64

Serum

Back 64

Plasma minus clotting proteins (prothrombin and fibrinogen) and clotting cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is a form from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors.

Front 65

Sideropenia

Back 65

Deficiency of iron in the blood (serum).

Front 66

Spherocytosis

Back 66

Abnormal condition in numbers of sphere-shaped (spheroidal) red blood cells, as in a type of anemia (hemolytic anemia).

Front 67

Stem cell

Back 67

Unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized cells in the body. Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the bone marrow and lead to the development of all types of blood cells.

Front 68

Thrombin

Back 68

Enzyme necessary for blood clotting (converts fibrinogen to fibrin in the clotting process).

Front 69

Thrombocyte

Back 69

Platelet; clotting cell.

Front 70

Thrombocytopenia

Back 70

Deficiency of clotting cells.

Front 71

Thrombolytic therapy

Back 71

Treatment with drugs to break down (destroy) clots that may abnormally form in blood vessels.

Front 72

Thrombosis

Back 72

Abnormal condition of clotting.

Front 73

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)

Back 73

Are multipotent stem cells that give rise to all the blood cell

Front 74

erythrocyte

Back 74

red blood cell

Front 75

leukocyte

Back 75

whitel blood cell

Front 76

leukemia

Back 76

Abnormal condition of white blood cells (increase in numbers of malignant cells).

Front 77

eosinophilia

Back 77

Increase in number of eosinophils.

Front 78

neutrophilia

Back 78

Increase in numbers of neutrophils.

Front 79

heme

Back 79

Iron-containing nonprotein portion of the hemoglobin molecule.

Front 80

immune response

Back 80

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion.