Chapter 13: Blood System

Front 1

protein in blood; maintains proper amount of water in the blood

Back 1

albumin

Front 2

specific protein (immunoglobin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

Back 2

antibody (Ab)

Front 3

substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

Back 3

antigen

Front 4

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue

Back 4

basophil

Front 5

orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Back 5

bilirubin

Front 6

blood clotting

Back 6

coagulation

Front 7

protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

Back 7

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Front 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

Back 8

differentiation

Front 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Back 9

electrophoresis

Front 10

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

Back 10

eosinophil

Front 11

immature red blood cell

Back 11

erythroblast

Front 12

red blood cell

Back 12

erythrocyte

Front 13

hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

Back 13

erythropoietin (EPO)

Front 14

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Back 14

fibrin

Front 15

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Back 15

fibrinogen

Front 16

plasma protein

Back 16

globulin

Front 17

white blood cell with numbers dark-staining granules (eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil)

Back 17

granulocyte

Front 18

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of red blood cells

Back 18

hematopoietic stem cell

Front 19

blood protein containing iron

Back 19

hemoglobin

Front 20

destruction of breakdown of blood

Back 20

hemolysis

Front 21

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Back 21

heparin

Front 22

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Back 22

immune reaction

Front 23

protein with antibody activity

Back 23

immunoglobin

Front 24

white blood cell

Back 24

leukocyte

Front 25

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Back 25

lymphocyte

Front 26

monocyte that migrates from blood to tissue spaces; works as a phagocyte to engulf foreign material and debris

Back 26

macrophage

Front 27

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Back 27

megakaryocyte

Front 28

leukocyte with one large nucleus that engulfs foreign material and debris

Back 28

monocyte

Front 29

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus

Back 29

mononuclear

Front 30

immature bone marrow that give rise to granulocytes

Back 30

myeloblast

Front 31

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell

Back 31

neutrophil

Front 32

liquid portion of blood

Back 32

plasma

Front 33

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

Back 33

plasmapheresis

Front 34

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to being the clotting process

Back 34

platelet

Front 35

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multi-lobed; neutrophil

Back 35

polymorphonuclear

Front 36

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Back 36

prothrombin

Front 37

immature erythrocyte

Back 37

reticulocyte

Front 38

antigen on red blood cells of Rh+ individuals

Back 38

Rh factor

Front 39

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

Back 39

serum

Front 40

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

Back 40

stem cell

Front 41

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Back 41

thrombin

Front 42

platelet

Back 42

thrombocyte

Front 43

base

Back 43

bas/o

Hint 43

combining form

Front 44

color

Back 44

chrom/o

Hint 44

combining form

Front 45

clotting

Back 45

coagul/o

Hint 45

combining form

Front 46

cell

Back 46

cyt/o

Hint 46

combining form

Front 47

red, dawn, rosy

Back 47

eosin/o

Hint 47

combining form

Front 48

red

Back 48

erythr/o

Hint 48

combining form

Front 49

granules

Back 49

granul/o

Hint 49

combining form

Front 50

blood

Back 50

hem/o

hemat/o

Hint 50

combining form

Front 51

hemoglobin

Back 51

hemoglobin/o

Hint 51

combining form

Front 52

same, equal

Back 52

is/o

Hint 52

combining form

Front 53

nucleus

Back 53

kary/o

Hint 53

combining form

Front 54

white

Back 54

leuk/o

Hint 54

combining form

Front 55

one, single

Back 55

mon/o

Hint 55

combining form

Front 56

shape, form

Back 56

morph/o

Hint 56

combining form

Front 57

bone marrow

Back 57

myel/o

Hint 57

combining form

Front 58

neutral

Back 58

neutr/o

Hint 58

combining form

Front 59

nucleus

Back 59

nucle/o

Hint 59

combining form

Front 60

eat, swallow

Back 60

phag/o

Hint 60

combining form

Front 61

varied, irregular

Back 61

poikil/o

Hint 61

combining form

Front 62

iron

Back 62

sider/o

Hint 62

combining form

Front 63

globe, round

Back 63

spher/o

Hint 63

combining form

Front 64

clot

Back 64

thromb/o

Hint 64

combining form

Front 65

removal, a carrying away

Back 65

-apheresis

Hint 65

suffix

Front 66

immature cell, embryonic

Back 66

-blast

Hint 66

suffix

Front 67

abnormal condition of cells

Back 67

-cytosis

Hint 67

suffix

Front 68

blood condition

Back 68

-emia

Hint 68

suffix

Front 69

giving rise to; producing

Back 69

-gen

Hint 69

suffix

Front 70

protein

Back 70

-globin

-globulin

Hint 70

suffix

Front 71

pertaining to destruction

Back 71

-lytic

Hint 71

suffix

Front 72

derived from; originating from

Back 72

-oid

Hint 72

suffix

Front 73

abnormal condition

Back 73

-osis

Hint 73

suffix

Front 74

deficiency

Back 74

-penia

Hint 74

suffix

Front 75

eat, swallow

Back 75

-phage

Hint 75

suffix

Front 76

attraction for (increase in number of cells)

Back 76

-philia

Hint 76

suffix

Front 77

carrying, transmission

Back 77

-phoresis

Hint 77

suffix

Front 78

formation

Back 78

-poiesis

Hint 78

suffix

Front 79

stop, control

Back 79

-stasis

Hint 79

suffix

Front 80

cells are unequal in size

Back 80

anisocytosis

Front 81

cells have reduced color

Back 81

hypochromia

Front 82

cells are large

Back 82

macrocytosis

Front 83

cells are small

Back 83

microcytosis

Front 84

cells are irregularly shaped

Back 84

poikilocytosis

Front 85

cells are rounded

Back 85

spherocytosis

Front 86

any abnormal of pathologic condition of the blood

Back 86

blood dyscrasia

Front 87

deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

Back 87

anemia

Front 88

most common form of anemia caused by lack of iron

Back 88

iron deficiency anemia

Front 89

failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

Back 89

aplastic anemia

Front 90

occurs when stem cells fail to produce leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes

Back 90

pancytopenia

Front 91

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Back 91

hemolytic anemia

Front 92

lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the blood stream

Back 92

pernicious anemia

Front 93

a special substance that helps absorb vitamin B12 into the blood stream; lacking in people with pernicious anemia

Back 93

intrinsic factor

Front 94

hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis

Back 94

sickle cell anemia

Front 95

inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia

Back 95

thalassemia

Front 96

excess iron deposits throughout the body

Back 96

hemochromatosis

Front 97

general increase in red blood cells (erythremia); blood is thick/viscous

Back 97

polycythemia vera

Front 98

excessive bleeding caused by a hereditary lack of blood clotting factors necessary for blood clotting

Back 98

hemophilia

Front 99

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Back 99

purpura

Front 100

tiny purple or red flat spots appearing on skin; seen in purpura

Back 100

petechiae

Front 101

larger blue or purplish patches on the skin seen in purpura

Back 101

ecchymoses

Front 102

a condition in which a patient makes an antibody that destroys platelets

Back 102

autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura

Front 103

Ab

Back 103

antibody

Front 104

ABO

Back 104

four main blood types

Front 105

ALL

Back 105

acute lymphocytic leukemia

Front 106

AML

Back 106

acute myelogenous leukemia

Front 107

ANC

Back 107

absolute neutrophil count

Front 108

bands

Back 108

immature white blood cells

Front 109

baso

Back 109

basophils

Front 110

BMT

Back 110

bone marrow transplantation

Front 111

CBC

Back 111

complete blood count

Front 112

CLL

Back 112

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Front 113

CML

Back 113

chronic myelogenous leukemia

Front 114

DIC

Back 114

disseminated intravascular coagulation

Front 115

bleeding disorder marked by reduction in blood clotting factors due to their use and depletion for intravascular clotting

Back 115

disseminated intravascular coagulation

Front 116

diff

Back 116

differential count

Front 117

EBV

Back 117

Esptein-Barr virus

Front 118

eos

Back 118

eosinophils

Front 119

EPO

Back 119

erythropoietin

Front 120

Fe

Back 120

iron

Front 121

g/dL

Back 121

gram per deciliter

Front 122

GVHD

Back 122

graft-versus-host disease

Front 123

immune reaction of donor's cells to recipient's tissue

Back 123

graft-versus-host disease

Front 124

HCL

Back 124

hairy cell leukemia

Front 125

Hct

Back 125

hematocrit

Front 126

Hgb/HGB

Back 126

hemoglobin

Front 127

H and H

Back 127

hemoglobin and hematogrit

Front 128

HLA

Back 128

human leukocyte antigen

Front 129

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

Back 129

immunoglobulins

Front 130

lymphs

Back 130

lymphocytes

Front 131

MCH

Back 131

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

Front 132

MCHC

Back 132

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Front 133

MCV

Back 133

mean corpuscular volume

Front 134

mono

Back 134

monocyte

Front 135

polys, PMNs,PMNLs

Back 135

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Front 136

PT, pro time

Back 136

prothrombin time

Front 137

PTT

Back 137

partial prothrombin time

Front 138

RBC

Back 138

red blood cell

Front 139

sed rate

Back 139

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Front 140

segs

Back 140

segmented, mature white blood cells

Front 141

uL

Back 141

microliter

Front 142

WBC

Back 142

white blood cell

Front 143

WNL

Back 143

within normal limits

Front 144

increase in cancerous white blood cells

Back 144

leukemia

Front 145

a form of leukemia where immature granulocytes (myeloblasts) predominate

Back 145

acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Front 146

a form of leukemia where immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) predominate

Back 146

acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Front 147

a form of leukemia where both mature and immature granulocytes are present in large numbers in the marrow and blood

Back 147

chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Front 148

a form of leukemia where relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen

Back 148

chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Front 149

disappearance of signs and symptoms

Back 149

remission

Front 150

when disease symptoms and signs reappear

Back 150

relapse

Front 151

abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Back 151

granulocytosis

Front 152

an increase in eosinophilic granulocytes, seen in certain allergic reactions

Back 152

eosinophilia

Front 153

an increase in basophilic granulocytes seen in certain types of leukemia

Back 153

basophilia

Front 154

infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Back 154

mononucleosis

Front 155

the virus that transmits mononucleosis

Back 155

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Front 156

malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

Back 156

multiple myeloma

Front 157

an immunoglobin fragment found in urine that is overproduced in multiple myeloma

Back 157

Bence Jones protein

Front 158

relieving symptoms

Back 158

palliative

Front 159

a treatment for multiple myeloma where the patient serves as his/her own donor for stem cells

Back 159

autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT)

Front 160

test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes

Back 160

antiglobulin test (Coombs test)

Front 161

time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound

Back 161

bleeding time

Front 162

time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube

Back 162

coagulation time

Front 163

determination of numbers of blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and red cell values

Back 163

complete blood count (CBC)

Front 164

speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

Back 164

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Front 165

percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

Back 165

hematocrit (Hct)

Front 166

total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

Back 166

hemoglobin test

Front 167

number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Back 167

platelet count

Front 168

test of the ability of blood to clot

Back 168

prothrombin time (PT)

Front 169

number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Back 169

red blood cell count (RBC)

Front 170

microscopic examination of stained blood smear to determine the shape of the individual red cells

Back 170

red blood cell morphology

Front 171

number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Back 171

white blood cell count (WBC)

Front 172

percentages of different types of leukocytes in the blood

Back 172

white blood cell differential

Front 173

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

Back 173

apheresis

Front 174

when plasma is removed from the patient and fresh plasma is given

Back 174

plasma exchange

Front 175

whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient

Back 175

blood transfusion

Front 176

the collection and later reinfusion of a patient's own blood

Back 176

autologous transfusion

Front 177

a preparation of blood cells separated from liquid plasma and administered in severe anemia

Back 177

packed cells

Front 178

microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

Back 178

bone marrow biopsy

Front 179

removal of bone marrow with a brief suction produced by a syringe

Back 179

bone marrow aspiration

Front 180

peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient

Back 180

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Front 181

a stem cell transplantation where the patient's own stem cells are collected, stored, and reinfused

Back 181

autologous stem cell transplantation

Front 182

a transplantation where a patient receives stem cells from a donor

Back 182

allogeneic transplant