Chapter 13 A And P

Front 1

ganglia

Back 1

in the peripheral nervous system, neuron cell bodies are located in...

Front 2

conus medullaris

Back 2

the terminal portion of the spinal cord is called the...

Front 3

filum terminale

Back 3

the supportive fibrous strand of the pia mater is the...

Front 4

nuclei

Back 4

the cell bodies of neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord form groups called

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columns

Back 5

the white matter of the spinal cord is divided into regions called...

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epinurium

Back 6

the outermost layer of a spinal nerve is called the...

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dorsal ramus

Back 7

the branch of each spinal nerve that provides sensory and motor innervation to the skin and muscles of the back is the....

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dermatome

Back 8

the area where each spinal nerve monitors a specific region of the body surface is known as...

Front 9

convergence

Back 9

when two neuronal pools synapse on the same motor neurons, the process is called...

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neural reflexes

Back 10

automatic motor responses, triggered by specific stimuli, are called...

Front 11

receptor

Back 11

a specialized cell that monitors conditions in the body or the external environment is called a...

Front 12

innate reflexes

Back 12

connections that form between neurons during development produce...

Front 13

acquired reflexes

Back 13

complex, learned motor patterns are called.....

Front 14

cranial reflexes

Back 14

reflexes processed in the brain are called...

Front 15

somatic reflexes

Back 15

reflexes that control activities of the muscular system are called...

Front 16

crossed extensor reflex

Back 16

a motor response that occurs on the side opposite the stimulus is referred to as a...

Front 17

flexor reflex

Back 17

the withdrawal reflex affecting the muscles of a limb is a...

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reinforcement

Back 18

elevated facilitation leading to an enhancement of spinal reflexes is called ...

Front 19

Babinski sign

Back 19

stroking an infants foot on the side of the sole produces a fanning of the toes known as the...

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nerve

Back 20

bundle of axons

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dorsal roots

Back 21

sensory information to spinal cord

Front 22

ventral roots

Back 22

contains axons of motor neurons

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spinal meninges

Back 23

specialized membranes

Front 24

white matter

Back 24

ascending, descending tracts

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cervical plexus

Back 25

spinal nerves C1-C5

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brachial plexus

Back 26

spinal nerves C5-T1

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reverberation

Back 27

positive feebback

Front 28

neural "wiring"

Back 28

reflex arc

Front 29

peripheral effector

Back 29

muscle or gland cells

Front 30

stretch reflex

Back 30

monosynaptic reflex

Front 31

tendon reflex

Back 31

monitors muscle tension

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crosses extensor reflex

Back 32

contralateral response

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same side reflex

Back 33

ipsilateral response

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descending pathways

Back 34

privides facilitation, inhibition

Front 35

perineurium

Back 35

the connective tissue parton that seperates adjacent bundles of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve is referred to as the...

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descending tracts

Back 36

axons convey motor command down into the spinal cord by way of...

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dura mater

Back 37

the outermost covering of the spinal cord is the..

Front 38

spinal meninges

Back 38

the specialized protective membrane that surrounds the spinal cord is the

Front 39

pia mater

Back 39

the blood vessels servicing the spinal cord penetrate into the...

Front 40

cauda equina

Back 40

the nerves that collectively radiate from the conus medullaris are known as the...

Front 41

sons or nuclei

Back 41

the cell bodies of neurons that receive and relay information from peripheral receptors are called..

Front 42

motor nuclei

Back 42

the cell bodies of neurons that issue commands to peripheral effector are called

Front 43

dermatome

Back 43

the specific bilateral region of the skin surface monitored by a single pair of spinal nerves is known as

Front 44

gray commissures

Back 44

the area of the spinal cord where axons cross from one side of the cord to the other are the

Front 45

gray ramus

Back 45

unmyelianted, postganglionic fibers that innervation glands and smooth muscles in the body wall or limbs for the

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dorsal ramus

Back 46

spinal nerve sensory and motor innervation to the skin and muscles of the back is provided by the

Front 47

nerve plexus

Back 47

a complex interwoven network of nerves is called a

Front 48

brachial plexus

Back 48

the radial, median and ulnar nerves originate in the

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reflexes

Back 49

programmed automatic involuntary motor responses and motor patterns are called

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gamma efferents

Back 50

contraction of the myofibril within intrafusal muscle occurs when impulses arrive over