Chapter 12: Implementing Hard Drives

Front 1

partitioning

Back 1

process of electronically subdividing the physical hard drives into groups of cylinders called partitions

C:
D:

Front 2

format the drive

Back 2

installs a file system onto the drive that organizes each partition

Front 3

basic disks

Back 3

creates MBR and partition table and stores them on the boot sector

Front 4

boot sector

Back 4

the first sector of the hard drive

Front 5

MBR

Back 5

tiny bit of code that takes control of the boot process from the system BIOS

look in the partition table for a valid OS

Front 6

primary partitions

Back 6

designed to support bootable operating systems
up to 4
lettersC: - Z:

Front 7

extended partitions

Back 7

not bootable

do not get letters

only get 1

Front 8

logical drives

Back 8

after creating a extended you must create this

gets a letter D: - Z:

Front 9

C:

Back 9

always reserved for the first primary partition in a window pc

Front 10

active partition

Back 10

on or off
at boot the MBR chooses which partition to load and boots that OS

Front 11

volume boot sector

Back 11

stores information important to its partition

location of OS boot files

every partition on a hard drive has one

Front 12

dual boot
multi boot

Back 12

able to run more than one OS on a machine

Front 13

no fixed disk present

Back 13

forgot to tell CMOS to look for the hard drive

reboot, access CMOS and try setting the drive up again

Front 14

basic volumes

Back 14

primary partitions and logical drives on basic disks

Front 15

dynamic storage partitioning

Back 15

dynamic disks

spanned volume

make as many volumes as you want

Front 16

spanned volume

Back 16

goes across more than one drive

risky - if one fails you lose all data

Front 17

hidden partition

Back 17

primary partition that is hidden from your operating system

hide backup copies of OS incase you mess up

Front 18

swap partition

Back 18

linux and BSD systems

act like RAM when your system needs it

Front 19

root directory

Back 19

provides the foundation upon which the OS builds files and folders

Front 20

FAT file allocation table

Back 20

card catalog that keeps track of which sectors store the various parts of a file

data structure

two column spreadsheet

Front 21

FAT16

Back 21

16 bits
usb thumb drives

Front 22

high level formatting

Back 22

OS located bad sectors, mark them as unusable, prevents files from being written on them

Front 23

clustering

Back 23

enables you to format partitions larger than 32 MB

Front 24

end of file marker

Back 24

FFFF last cluster

Front 25

bad sector

Back 25

FFF7

Front 26

fragmentation

Back 26

files in FAT start to separate

Front 27

disk defragmenter

Back 27

rearrange the files into neat contiguous chunks

Front 28

FAT32

Back 28

supports partitions up to 2 terabytes

32 bits to describe each cluster

dont need defragmentation as often

Front 29

New Technology File System NTFS

Back 29

redundancy
security
compression
encryption
disk quotas
cluster sizing

Front 30

master file table MFT

Back 30

NTFS

a backup copy of the most cruicial parts of the MFT in the middle of the disk

reduces the chance that a serious error can wipe out both the MFT and the copy

Front 31

NFTS Security

Back 31

access control list

only one person can access a direct path of folders

C:\programs\davids secrete folder

Front 32

NFTS Compression

Back 32

save space by compressing

access is slower since you have to uncompress

Front 33

NFTS Encryption

Back 33

right click my computer
properties
advanced
click encrypt contents to secure data


**windows xp home and media center do not support EFS

Front 34

NFTS Disk Quotas

Back 34

set quota on users hard drives

stops user from monopolizing hard drive

must log in as admin

right click hard drive/properties/quota tab/make changes

Front 35

NFTS Cluster sizes

Back 35

you can adjust the cluster sizes unlike FAT16 and FAT32

supports partitions up to 16TB by default

Front 36

disk management

Back 36

control panel
computer management applet

start/run/diskmgmt.msc

Front 37

foreign drive

Back 37

disk management

move a dynamic disk into another computer

Front 38

formatting

(disk management)

Back 38

see this when formatting a drive

Front 39

failed

Back 39

disk is damaged or corrupt
lost data

Front 40

online

Back 40

healthy and communicating properly

Front 41

offline

Back 41

the disk is either corrupted or having communication problems

Front 42

importing foreign drives

Back 42

right clicking the disk icon and selecting import foreign disks

Front 43

converting to dynamic disk

Back 43

right click and convert to dynamic
very safe and quick

reversing it is not

Front 44

dynamic disks supported by

Back 44

not supported by windows xp and windows vista home editions

Front 45

simple volumes

Back 45

dynamic disk

acts like primary partition

Front 46

spanning volumes

Back 46

dynamic disk

if you run out of space, attach a new hard drive and span the volume - dont have to make new letters

Front 47

striped volumes

Back 47

dynamic disk

spreads out blocks of each file across multiple disks

faster
dangerous - lose one drive lose all data

Front 48

Mount points

Back 48

place in the directory structure of an existing volume that you can point to a volume or partition

mount a folder on the drive (therefore you add a hard drive to the C drive)

Front 49

CHKDSK

Back 49

check for bad data
repair

my computer/right click on the drive you want to check/properties/tools tab/check now button

run once a week

Front 50

disk cleanup

Back 50

start/all programs/accessories/system tools/disk cleanup

monthly