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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carry blood away from the heart |
arteries |
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Carry blood back to the heart |
veins |
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Vessels with the thinnest walls |
Capillaries |
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Type of tissue around blood vessels |
Simple squamous |
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Outer layer of blood vessels |
Tunica Externa |
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Inner layer of blood vessels |
Tunica Intima |
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Middle layer of blood vessels |
Tunica Media |
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How does glucose get across capillary walls? |
via diffusion |
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How does water get across capillary walls? |
Osmosis and filtration |
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How much water that leaves a capillary reenters? |
90% |
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Where is hydrostatic pressure greater than osmotic pressure? |
at the arterial end of a capillary |
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Has the highest hydrostatic pressure |
Aorta |
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Has the slowest blood flow? |
Capillary |
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Where does most pressure come from? |
Contraction of the heart |
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Sequence of blood pressure |
Artery, capillary, vein |
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Blood pressure is the same as |
hydrostatic pressure |
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What happens when diameter decreases? |
resistance increases and blood flow decreases |
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Increased viscocity in blood increases |
blood pressure |
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Use pressure gradients for blood flow |
skeletal muscle contraction, respiration, muscle contraction in the vessel |
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Pulse |
expansion and recoil of an artery |
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Where can a pulse be felt? |
where artery (superficial) passes over a bony promince |
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Common pulse points |
radial, brachial, femoral, common carotid |
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Sphygmomonometer |
Measures BP |
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Pulse pressure |
Difference between systolic and diastolic |
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reduction of diameter due to fatty deposits is likely to |
increase blood pressure because of peripheral resistance |
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Increase in CO will do what to BP? |
increase |
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constriction on blood vessels increase |
peripheral resistance |
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Centers for BP |
Medulla Oblongota |
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response to baroreceptors that sense stretch |
decrease heart rate and causes vasodilation |
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What do chemoreceptors do in response to increase in hydrogen ion concentration? |
Increase which causes vasoconstriction |
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What do the kidneys secrete when BP drops? |
renin |
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Renin activates |
angiotensin |
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angiotensin causes |
vasoconstriction, Na retention, and water reabsorption |
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How does oxygen rich blood get to the heart? |
Pulmonary veins |
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Which chambers have oxygenated blood? |
Left Atrium and ventricle |
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The brachiocephalic artery forms the |
Right common carotid and right subclavian |
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Arteries that go from the foramen magnum to give blood to the brain |
vertebral |
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Internal carotid |
come from the middle anterior cerebral arteries |
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What forms the superior vena cava |
brachiocephalic veins |
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What forms the inferior vena cava |
common iliac veins |
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Foramen Ovale |
opening in the interartial septum to give blood to the baby in fetal circulation |
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Oxygen rich blood is returned to the fetus via the |
umbilical vein |
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Phlebitis |
Inflammation of a vein |
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Angioplasty |
surgical repair of a blood vessel |
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Normal blood volume in an adult |
5L |
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pH of blood normally |
7.35-7.45 |
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functions of blood |
transport oxygen regulate pH regulate body temp transport carbon dioxide transportation, regulation, protection |
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Red Blood Cells make up how much of blood volume? |
45% |
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Plasma is how much of blood volume? |
55% |
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How much of plasma is water? |
90% |
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Most abundant plasma protein |
albumin |
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Gamma Globulins provide |
immunity |
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Function of fibrinogen |
blood clotting |
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Formed elements normally found in blood |
erythorcytes, leukocytes,thrombocytes |
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Erythrocyte |
RBC |
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Leukocyte |
WBC |
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Thrombocyte |
Platelet |
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Hemopoeisis |
production of formed elements |
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Where are RBC's produced in an adult? |
In the red bone marrow |
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Stem cell that comes before all blood cells |
hemocytoblasts |
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If body cells don't get enough oxygen what could be malfunctioning? |
RBCs |
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Erythrocytes (describe) |
Formed elements, biconcave and no nucleus |
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transport oxygen and carbon dioxide |
RBC |
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Leukocytes do not have |
hemoglobin |
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functions in blood clotting |
thrombocytes |
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average life of an erythrocyte |
120 days |
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RBC production regulated by what |
erythropoeitn |
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sequence of erythrocyte regulation |
bloodoxygen decreases,kidneysrelease renal erythropoietic factor, erythropoietinactivated ,erythrocyteproduction stimulated, erythrocytescombine with oxygen ,bloodoxygen increases
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immature red blood cells |
reticulocytes |
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What is needed for RBC production? |
Iron, B12 and folic acid |
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What removes old RBC's |
liver and spleen |
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60-70% of white blood cells are |
neutrophils |
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Monocyte |
agranular leukocyte |
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Small phagocytic granulocytes |
neutrophil |
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Release histamine and heparin |
basophil |
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hemostasis |
prevent blood loss |
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Aspects of hemostasis |
vasoconstriction, platelet plug, clot formed |
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1st response to blood vessel injury |
constriction of blood vessel |
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makes platelets sticky |
collagen |
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Formation of a clot |
prothrombin activator prothrombin to thrombin fibrinogen to fibrin |
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vitamin needed for blood clotting |
K |
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mineral needed for clotting |
calcium |
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dissolving a clot |
fibrinolysis |
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agglutinogen |
blood type protein on surface of RBC |
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A person with AB Blood has |
a and B agglutinogens |
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Type A blood can get blood from |
A or O |
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ABO blood types are |
determined by presence or absence of agglutinogens on surface of the RBC |
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Rh+ blood has |
no rh agglutinogens but has anti rh agglutinin |
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Hemolytic disease of the newborn |
mom is RH - fetus is RH + babies blood is slowly removed and replaced with Rh - blood |
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Thrombocytopenia |
defecient in clotting cells |
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Too many cells in the blood |
polycythemia |
