Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What does the central nervous system compose of?
|
brain and spinal cord
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
What does the peripheral nervous system compose of?
|
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
What is the function of spinal cord?
|
relay information in and out of brain and reflex center
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
The nervous system is composed of two sections. what are they?
|
central and peripheral nervous system
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
Peripheral nervous system is divided into 2 division. What are they and what do they do?
|
1. motor (efferent)
-direction of fibers goes out 2. sensory (afferent) -direction of fibers goes in |
slide 3
5:19 |
|
The motor division of peripheral nervous system has 2 subdivision. What are they and what are their functions?
|
1. somatic (voluntary)
-consciously able to control what you want to do 2. autonomic (involuntary) -does not need to worry about breathing or digestion - |
slide 3
5:19 |
|
Autonomic subdivision has 2 subdivision. What are they?
|
1. sympathetic
-mobilize body systems during emergency situations 2. parasympathetic -conserve energy |
slide 3
5:19 |
|
What is the function of peripheral nervous system?
|
communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
What is the function of central nervous system?
|
integrative and control centers
|
slide 3
5:19 |
|
what are the 4 types of neuroglia in the CNS?
|
1. astrocytes
2. microglia 3. ependymal 4. oligodendrocytes |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
what is astrocytes cell of CNS?
|
-"star" cells
-regulate environment for neurons to function -store sugars -part of blood brain barrier -have projections to nerve cell body, axon and capillaries |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
What is microglia cell in CNS?
|
-immunity
-aid cell body to function |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
What is ependymal cells in CNS?
|
-specialized epithelial cell
-maintain blood brain barrier -create cerebral spinal fluid -tight junctions -maintain environment for brain and spinal cord |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
What is the oligodendrocytes cell in CNS?
|
-many branches
-responsible for myelinated axons |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
What is the neuroglia of PNS?
|
1. Satellite Cells
-surround the cell body 2. Schwann Cells -wrap the whole cell around the axons -meylinate axons on the PNS |
slide 4
11:38 |
|
In fetal development, what cell is responsible for the axons to go from your spinal cord down to your toes?
|
Schwann cell
|
slide 4
11:38 |
|
what does the structure of a neuron consist of?
|
1. cell body (soma)
-mitochondria, nucleus, golgi etc. 2. dendrites -receptive areas (receiving messages) 3. axons -conduct impulse away from soma or dendrites 4. Axon hillock -Action Potential is initiated 5. Axon collateral -branch off of axons 6. terminal branch -synapse 7. Axon transmitters -release neurotransmitters |
slide 5
19:11 |
|
What is the comparison of myelinated vs. unmyelinated?
|
1. myelinated conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated
2. schwann cells myelinate in PNS 3. Oligodendrocytes myelinate in CNS |
slide 6
23:35 |
|
What is the continuous unmyelinated fiber vs. saltatory myelinated fiber conduction?
|
Saltatory myelinated fiber conducts impulses quicker and continuous because it only need to polarize just that region
|
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/matthews/actionp.swf
|
|
What are the structural classification of neurons?
|
1. multipolar
-motor (efferent) neurons 2. bipolar -1 axon, 1 dendrites -in nose or eyes 3. pseudounipolar -2 axon projection but only come in at one point. (axon coming in, axon going out) |
slide 7
28:13 |
|
What are the functional classification of neurons?
|
1. Afferent
-sense coming in 2. Efferent -motor -multipolar -sense going out 3. interneurons -multipolar -job is to integrate (brain of spinal cord) |
slide 8
31:09 |
|
What is transmembrane potential of a cell?
|
-what is happening at resting potential
-differential in ion distribution |
slide 9
33:27 |
|
What is graded potential?
|
-produced at synaptic activity
-doesn't mean it's at Action potential |
slide 9
33:27 |
|
What is Action potential?
|
-have to get to threshold to fire action potential
-produced when graded potential is large enough |
slide 9
33:27 |
|
what happens at transmembrane potential?
|
1. differential in ion distribution
-ExtraCellularFluid = high Na+ IntraCellularFluid = high K+ 2. Membrane NOT freely permeable 3. Electrochemical gradient |
slide 10
36:51 |
|
What is electrochemical gradient?
|
sum of chemical and electrical forces acting on a specific ion
-electrical gradient=negative inside, positive outside -chemical gradient = Na+ high outside, K+ high inside |
slide 10
36:51 |
|
What are the different types of ion channels?
|
1. gated channels
-voltage or chemical can open it -activated (opening) -inactivated (activation gate shut off) 2. ligand 3. voltage 4. mechanically-gated -opens to pressure, temperature |
slide 11
45:50 |
|
what does a flow of ion create in the ion channels?
|
electrical current
|
slide 11
45:50 |