Chapter 12

Front 1

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there

Back 1

31

Front 2

What is the deep groove on the ventral surface that extends the length of the spinal chord

Back 2

Anterior Median Fissure

Front 3

What spinal nerves comprise the cauda equina

Back 3

1) Lumber
2) Sacral
3) Coccygeal

Front 4

What 2 grooves extend the length of the spinal cord and partially divide it into right and left halves

Back 4

1) Anterior Median Fissure
2) Posterior Median Sulcus

Front 5

The fibrous strand or terminal filum that anchors the inferior end of the spinal cord to the coccyx is a continuation of what

Back 5

Pia Mater

Front 6

What is the space superficial to the meninges in the spinal cord area in which an anesthetic is injected to block pain impulses from the pelvic area called

Back 6

Epidural Space

Front 7

What are the four regions into which the spinal cord is divided

Back 7

1) Lumbar
2) Sacral
3) Thoracic
4) Cervical

Front 8

What is the spinal cord contiguous superiorally with

Back 8

Medulla Oblongata

Front 9

What area of the spinal cord do nerves that supply the lower limbs enter or exit from

Back 9

Lumbar Enlargement

Front 10

True or False

The spinal cord extends to the level of lumbar vertebra three in an adult

Back 10

False

Front 11

The inferior end of the spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the

Back 11

Filum Terminale

Front 12

The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is organized into 3 columns. What are the 3 columns

Back 12

1) Ventral Column
2) Lateral Column
3) Dorsal Column

Front 13

What are the subdivions of the gray matter on either side of the spinal cord

Back 13

Anterior, Lateral, and Posterior Horns

Front 14

What area of the spinal cord do nerves that supply the upper limbs enter or exit from

Back 14

Cervical Enlargement

Front 15

What cell bodies are contained in the lateral horns of the gray matter in the thoracic region of the spinal cord

Back 15

Sympathetic Motor Neurons

Front 16

What connects the gray matter on the right and left sides of the spinal cord

Back 16

Gray Commisure

Front 17

What is synonymous with columns as in columns of white matter in the spinal cord

Back 17

Funiculi

Front 18

What do each column in the white matter of the spinal cord consist one or more of

Back 18

Tracts

Front 19

How are the white matter in each half of the spinal cord arranged

Back 19

3 Columns: Ventral, Dorsal, Lateral

Front 20

True or False

All the motor nerve fibers in spinal nerves extend uninterrupted from the spinal cord to an effector

Back 20

False

Front 21

Where do ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord occur

Back 21

In the columns

Front 22

What is involved in the knee jerk reflex

Back 22

Sensory and Motor Nerves

Front 23

True or False

The knee jerk reflex involves conduction of nerve impulses from sensory neuron to interneuron to motor neuron

Back 23

False

Front 24

What type of reflex is involved in a knee jerk reflex

Back 24

It is a spinal reflex and a somatic reflex

Front 25

What does a knee jerk reflex help to maintain

Back 25

It helps to maintain an upright position

Front 26

What reflex inhibits skeletal muscle contractions

Back 26

Golgi Tendon Reflex

Front 27

John injured the quadriceps muscles in his legs due to increased tension and tearing while horsing around on the football field. What reflex failed to protect the muscles

Back 27

Golgi Tendon Reflex

Front 28

What spinal reflex is involved in excitatory interneurons

Back 28

Withdrawal Reflex

Front 29

What occurs when walking barefoot and you step on a tack with your right foot

Back 29

1) Flexor muscles in your right thigh and leg contract to remove your foot
2) Reciprocal innervation inhibits extensor muscles in the same limb
3)Collaterals of interneurons stimulate a crossed extensor reflex

Front 30

True or False

You are walking barefoot ands step on a tack with your right foot, collaterals of sensory neurons stimulate alpha motor neurons that cause extension in the opposite limb

Back 30

False

Front 31

What do reflex arcs contain

Back 31

1) Sensory Reception
2) Sensory Neuron
3) Motor Neuron

Front 32

What are the correct distribution of spinal nerve pairs

Back 32

8 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
1 Coccygeal

Front 33

A man was in an accident and severed his spinal cord between C6 and C7. What occurs

Back 33

1) Loss of sensation in the trunk below the shoulders, the lower limbs and portions of the arms
2) Loss of movement in the lower limbs
3) Damage to the intercostal nerves, which would affect breathing because the intercostal muscles would be paralyzed

Front 34

True or False

The damage to the phrenic nerves that affect breathing would occur if the C6 and C7 of the spinal cord are severed

Back 34

False

Front 35

What do the anterior branch or ramus of a spinal nerve supply

Back 35

Muscles and skin on the front and sides of the trunk and limbs

Front 36

Where are fibers of adjacent spinal nerves sorted and recombined so that fibers specific to a body part reach that body part in the same nerve

Back 36

Plexus

Front 37

The brachial nerves supplies nerves that function to contract with....

Back 37

Muscles of the arm and forearm

Front 38

The sciatic nerves arise from which plexus

Back 38

Lumbosacral Plexus

Front 39

What combination of spinal nerves supplies the brachial plexuses

Back 39

C5-T1

Front 40

What peripherial nerves are associated with the brachial plexuses

Back 40

1) Axillary Nerves
2) Radial Nerves
3) Ulnar Nerves

Front 41

True or False

The femoral nerves are peripheral nerves associated with the brachial plexuses

Back 41

False

Front 42

What nerves that arise from the lumbosacral plexuses are the largest and longest peripheral nerves in the body

Back 42

Sciatic Nerves

Front 43

True or False

The sacral plexus is paired with the muscuolcutaneous nerve

Back 43

False

Front 44

List the plexuses and the peripheral nerves it originates from

Back 44

1) Brachial - Radial Nerve
2) Cervical - Phrenic Nerve
3) Lumbar - Femoral Nerve

Front 45

True or False

The ventral branches or rami of spinal nerves do not join to form nerve plexuses in the thoracic area of the spinal cord

Back 45

True

Front 46

After the left humerus is broken, what nerve is damaged if sensation on the posterior aspect of the limb is lost and extension of the forearm, wrist, or fingers is not possible

Back 46

Radial Nerve

Front 47

After a hip is severely injured, what nerve is damaged if the extension of the right leg is not possible

Back 47

Femoral Nerve

Front 48

What do the ventral rami of adjacent nerves intermingle with each other to form

Back 48

A plexus

Front 49

What nerve arises from the brachial plexus and innervates all of the extensor muscles of the upper limb

Back 49

Radial Nerve

Front 50

Compression of what nerve arising from the brachial plexus results in numbness, tingling, and pain in the fingers, a condition called carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 50

Median Nerve

Front 51

What nerve that arises from the lumbosacral plexus is the largest peripheral nerve in the body

Back 51

Ischiadic Nerve

Front 52

Before a doctor performs an episiotomy, a cut in the perineum that makes the opening of the birth canal larger, branches of what nerves arising from the lumbosacral plexuses are anesthetized

Back 52

Pudental Nerves

Front 53

Nerve fibers in the phrenic nerves that innervate the diaphragm arise primarily from what plexuses

Back 53

Cervical

Front 54

What pair of spinal nerves does Not supply any skin area

Back 54

C1