Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Kaylee refuses to change in the locker room during gym class. She is afraid that someone will see her body, make fun of it, and embarrass her. As a result, Kaylee skips gym class to avoid the situation. Based on this information, it is possible that Kaylee has a ________.
|
social phobia
|
|
|
Attributional style refers to a person's ________.
|
characteristic way of explaining life events
|
|
|
Axis I of the DSM-IV-TR consists of_____________.
|
clinical disorders and other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention
|
|
|
A patient in a psychiatric hospital exhibits disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, and hallucinations. This person is probably suffering from___________.
|
schizophrenia
|
|
|
Which of the following is a condition in which a person shows little or no emotion?
|
flat affect
|
|
|
________ is a repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession.
|
compulsion
|
|
|
What is the approximate lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder in the United States?
|
20% of people will experience it in their lifetimes.
|
|
|
Major depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder are all examples of ______ disorders.
|
mood
|
|
|
________ disorders are marked by persistent or episodic disturbances in emotion that interfere with normal functioning in at least one realm of life.
|
mood
|
|
|
Your authors suggest that major depression affects several different areas of psychological functioning. Which of the following is one of those areas?
|
cognition
|
|
|
Which of the following is part of the definition of a psychological disorder?
|
distress
|
|
|
Which of the following statements most accurately depicts how neurotransmitters affect depression?
|
Some neurotransmitters do not function normally in people with depression.
|
|
|
A hospital patient was diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia because she was having both delusions and hallucinations. What type of symptoms are these?
|
postive
|
|
|
Researchers examining schizophrenia at the level of the brain have found that an excess of stress-related hormones can affect the neurotransmitter ________. These abnormalities are related to the development of psychotic symptoms.
|
dopamine
|
|
|
Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little sleep. In addition, she reports that her thoughts seem to be going fast-similar to watching three television shows at once. Padma most likely is experiencing ________.
|
a manic episode
|
|
|
The belief that bodily arousal can have negative consequences is called ________ sensitivity. It has been proposed as a possible contributor to the development of panic disorder.
|
anxiety
|
|
|
Disorders characterized by disturbances in emotion are known as ______ disorders.
|
mood
|
|
|
Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear, and he sees demons attacking him, though no one else could see anything near him. Nick's symptoms are known as ______.
|
hallucinations
|
|
|
What types of symptoms are sufficient for a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
|
obsessions only
|
|
|
Excessive or unrealistic fearfulness and worry are characteristic of ______.
|
anxiety disorders
|
|
|
The tendency of those with schizophrenia to fall into lower socioeconomic classes is sometimes referred to as social _______.
|
drift
|
|
|
A cognitive therapist is working with a depressed client. Which of the following causes is the likely focus of this therapist's intervention?
|
negative interpretations of life events
|
|
|
Which of the following thoughts most accurately depicts the abstinence violation effect?
|
"Oh well, since I ate that one bite of pizza, why not just finish off the whole pie!"
|
|
|
Which area of the brain is most likely to be affected in a person with depression?
|
frontal lobes
|
|
|
While doing volunteer work at a mental hospital, Mary is put on a ward for adults with severe mental disorders. One patient remains in the same position for hours at a time and never talks. The doctors tell Mary this patient suffers from ______.
|
catatonic schizophrenia
|
|
|
The term "psychological disorder" is often used interchangeably with the term________.
|
psychiatric disorder
|
|
|
Ancient Greeks believed imbalances in ________ caused abnormality, while people living during the 17th century in New England believed it was caused by ________. However, many contemporary psychologists try to understand psychological disorders in terms of the________ model.
|
bodily fluids; the devil; biopsychosocial
|
|
|
The ratio of women to men who have been diagnosed with eating disorders is more than ________.
|
9:1
|
|
|
People with ______ disorders have an excessively rigid, maladaptive pattern of behavior and ways of relating to others.
|
personality
|
|
|
DSM stands for ________.
|
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
|
|
|
The average age of onset for schizophrenia is in the ________.
|
20's
|
|
|
Which of the following thoughts most accurately depicts the abstinence violation effect?
|
"Oh well, since I ate that one bite of pizza, why not just finish off the whole pie!"
|
|
|
Which of the following diagnostic symptoms of anorexia nervosa can only occur in women?
|
amenorrhea
|
|
|
________ disorders are marked by persistent or episodic disturbances in emotion that interfere with normal functioning in at least one realm of life.
|
mood
|
|
|
A diathesis is a ________.
|
predisposition to a disorder
|
|
|
Approximately ___% of people worldwide will develop schizophrenia at some point during their lives.
|
1
|
|
|
Another name for sensory images so vivid that they seem real is ________.
|
hallucinations
|
|
|
Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible if something should go wrong is called ______.
|
agoraphobia
|
|
|
Attributional style refers to a person's ________.
|
characteristic way of explaining life events
|
|
|
Which of the following statements is true about the DSM-IV-TR?
|
It describes symptoms and specific criteria for diagnosis.
|
|
|
During his college years, Jacob often experienced episodes of intense fear accompanied by the physical sensations of a heart attack. Jacob might have experienced a ________ disorder while in college.
|
panic
|
|
|
April uses laxatives to achieve her extremely low weight. Which subtype of anorexia is she most likely displaying?
|
purging type
|
|
|
Joe is described by his friends as being very "anal." His desk is always as neat as possible. His shirts are ironed to be wrinkle free, and his shoes must be lined up perfectly in his closet. If any of these things are not "just so," he finds it very distressing. Joe might be best diagnosed with ________ personality disorder.
|
obsessive-compulsive
|
|
|
Which pair consists of negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
|
alogia and flat affect
|
|
|
The most recent version of the DSM is the ________.
|
DSM-IV-TR
|
|
|
The television talks to Heidi. It tells her the police are out to get her. Because Heidi has schizophrenia, she is mostly experiencing a(n) ________.
|
hallucination
|
|
|
At the level of the person, research has found that depressed people who live in ________ countries tend to ruminate more about their symptoms than people who live in ________ countries.
|
developed; non-developed
|
|
|
Which of the following best describes dysthymia?
|
a mild, chronic form of depression
|
|
|
Which of the following is a correct pairing when it comes to personality disorders?
|
Cluster A - odd, eccentric behaviors
|
|
|
David has just been diagnosed with MDD. As such, he may have which of the following symptoms?
|
intense restlessness
|
|
|
Bill, who has schizophrenia, has steadily seen his economic situation go from bad to worse. Bill's plight illustrates how common ________ is among the mentally disabled.
|
social selection
|
|
|
Seetra is seeing a therapist for the first time. Her psychologist notes that her severe facial acne may contribute significantly to her depressive symptoms, since her high school classmates tend to be mean about her pimples. On which axis of a DSM diagnosis would Seetra's difficulties with her classmates be noted?
|
Axis IV
|
|
|
The definition of a psychological disorder takes into account ________.
|
distress, disability, and danger
|
|
|
Marty is moody, manipulative, unstable, lacks a clear sense of identity, and often clings to others. He wants to have close relationships but is unable to do so because he is untrusting of others. Marty is suffering from ______ personality disorder.
|
borderline
|
|
|
Andy has a tendency to align the tools in his toolbox so that they are placed in perfect symmetry. Andy's compulsion illustrates ________.
|
ordering
|
|
|
Axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR includes_____________.
|
information about problems in the person's life that might affect adjustment, such as death of a loved one
|
|
|
Which part of the brain has been linked to panic disorder?
|
locus coeruleus
|
|
|
________ is a type of eating disorder that is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by some attempt to prevent weight gain.
|
Bulimia nervosa
|
|
|
Axis II of the DSM-IV-TR consists of_____________.
|
personality disorders and mental retardation
|
|
|
The fact that Vincent Van Gogh's brother committed suicide just a year after Vincent did, and suffered from anxiety and depression symptoms, suggests that there is a ________ component to the mental illnesses that may exist in a person.
|
genetic
|
|
|
Which of the following stress-related hormones seems to have some impact on the development and severity of symptoms in those with schizophrenia?
|
Cortisol
|
|
|
The definition of a psychological disorder takes into account ________.
|
distress, disability, and danger
|
|
|
At the level of the brain, which structures have been linked to PTSD?
|
limbic system
|
|
|
Eriq and Zevara tend to yell at each other a lot when they are angry. They hold nothing back, and sometimes get nasty in their arguments. Though they are always quick to forgive and make up, and they say that this kind of heated exchange helps them get rid of their "mental garbage," there is the potential for such hostile communication to have an impact on their children. The relationship between this kind of ___________ and the development of schizophrenia has received quite a bit of research attention.
|
high expressed emotion
|
|
|
Girls in ______ were shown television programs from the United States, and afterward 75% of them reported feeling that they were too fat or too big at least some of the time.
|
fiji
|
|
|
According to psychologist Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, differences in depressive symptoms between men and women in developed countries are due to ________.
|
the different stress-response strategies we are taught as children
|
|
|
According to the diathesis-stress model, which of the following two factors could combine to produce the symptoms of a mental illness?
|
neurotransmitter imbalances and culture-related stress
|
|
|
Manny has such an intense fear of flying insects that he hardly ever goes outside his house during the summer months. He is probably suffering from a ______.
|
phobic disorder
|
|
|
Bipolar disorder is ________.
|
typically marked by at least one manic or hypomanic episode
|
|
|
If you had an experience where you almost fell from a high place, being far off the ground in the future could elicit strong feelings of fear and turn into a phobia. This would explain a mental illness using _________ conditioning.
|
classical
|
|
|
The most recent edition of the DSM has 17 major categories of disorders. Which category directly pertains to disorders of feelings?
|
mood
|
|
|
Which of the following is a disorder that takes the form of a bodily ailment that has no physical cause?
|
somatoform
|
|
|
According to the diathesis-stress model, which of the following two factors could combine to produce the symptoms of a mental illness?
|
neurotransmitter imbalances and culture-related stress
|
|
|
______ schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution, grandeur, and jealousy, together with hallucinations.
|
paranoid
|
|
|
Tracy passes by a popular donut store on her way to work every day and is gripped with a revulsion as she says, out loud, "Donuts are SO bad!" This kind of black-or-white thinking is a thought pattern at the level of the person that often occurs in those with eating disorders, and it is called ________.
|
dichotomous thinking
|
|
|
An entrenched false belief is known as ________.
|
a delusion
|
|
|
Which of the following is a subtype of schizophrenia?
|
undifferentiated
|
|
|
Mike, who has antisocial personality disorder, probably shows consistently high amounts of ________.
|
disregard for the rights of others
|
|
|
Which of the following is a symptom of PTSD?
|
persistent reexperiencing of the event
|
|
|
Axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR includes_____________.
|
information about problems in the person's life that might affect adjustment, such as death of a loved one
|
|
|
Steve's psychiatrist notes that Steve is experiencing a disruption of the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, and identity. Therefore, Steve most likely has a(n).________ disorder.
|
dissociative
|
|
|
Layla has been struggling with depressive symptoms for several months. Her coworkers and her supervisor have all noticed that even though she makes it to work, she is often distracted, is not social, does not get her work done on time, and makes an unusually high number of errors. Based on what your textbook presents, we could say Layla has a high level of ________ at work.
|
absenteeism
|
|
|
Shreen is diagnosed with schizophrenia. She believes that she is a powerful person who can save the world. Shreen is experiencing __________.
|
delusions of grandeur
|
|
|
As Carol and Ken are leaving for a trip, Carol repeatedly asks Ken, "Did we turn off the coffee pot?" For their entire trip, Carol worries about the coffee pot. Carol's doubt about turning off the coffee pot is a(n) ________.
|
obsession
|
|
|
Another name for sensory images so vivid that they seem real is ________.
|
hallucinations
|
|
|
The development of a psychological illness can involve influences from family members, peers, or the culture that surrounds us. These factors demonstrate the influence of the level of the ________.
|
group
|
|
|
Keith shows a pattern of excessive attention seeking and expression of emotion. As such, he most likely has ________ personality disorder.
|
histrionic
|
|
|
An individual who is depressed may have unusually low activity in which part of the brain?
|
the left frontal lobe
|
|
|
Which of the following is an example of distress?
|
worrying about everything
|
|
|
Tara and Sarah are identical twins. If Tara has bipolar disorder, then Sarah has ________.
|
an 80% chance of developing a mood disorder
|
|
|
The primary feature of ______ schizophrenia is severe disturbance of motor behavior.
|
catatonic
|
|
|
Whenever Greta thinks about her life, she automatically bursts into tears. This example most clearly illustrates the impact of ________ in psychological disorders.
|
distress
|
|
|
As part of a fraternity initiation ritual, Saul is instructed to interrupt a school basketball game by running on the court naked while singing the nursery rhyme "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star." Saul's behavior illustrates ________.
|
deviance
|
|
|
Which of the following factors that contributes to depressive symptoms would be an influence from the level of the group?
|
being involved in "punishing" social relationships
|
