Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

a-, an-

Back 1

without, not

Front 2

ab-

Back 2

away from

Front 3

ad-

Back 3

toward

Front 4

inter-

Back 4

between

Front 5

intra-

Back 5

within

Front 6

meta-

Back 6

beyond

Front 7

poly-

Back 7

many, much, more than usual

Front 8

sub-

Back 8

below

Front 9

-al, -ar, -ic, -ous

Back 9

pertaining to

Front 10

-algia

Back 10

pain

Front 11

-asthenia

Back 11

weakness

Front 12

-centesis

Back 12

surgical puncture to remove fluid

Front 13

-clast

Back 13

something that breaks

Front 14

-dynia

Back 14

pain

Front 15

-itis

Back 15

inflammation

Front 16

-malacia

Back 16

softening

Front 17

-plasty

Back 17

surgical repair

Front 18

-poiesis

Back 18

producing, forming

Front 19

-porosis

Back 19

porous condition

Front 20

-rrhexis

Back 20

rupture

Front 21

-sarcoma

Back 21

malignant tumor of connective tissue

Front 22

-scopy

Back 22

visual examination

Front 23

-tomy

Back 23

incision

Front 24

arthr/o

Back 24

joint

Front 25

carp/o

Back 25

wrist

Front 26

cost/o

Back 26

ribs

Front 27

crani/o

Back 27

cranium, skull

Front 28

dactyl/o

Back 28

a digit (finger or toe)

Front 29

erythr/o

Back 29

red

Front 30

fasci/o

Back 30

fascia

Front 31

femor/o

Back 31

femur

Front 32

leuk/o

Back 32

white

Front 33

muscul/o

Back 33

muscle

Front 34

my/o

Back 34

muscle

Front 35

orth/o

Back 35

straight

Front 36

oste/o

Back 36

bone

Front 37

spondyl/o

Back 37

vertebra

Front 38

ten/o, tendin/o, tendon/o

Back 38

tendon

Front 39

vertebr/o

Back 39

vertebra

Front 40

EMG

Back 40

electromyogram

Front 41

Fx

Back 41

fracture

Front 42

PT

Back 42

physical therapy

Front 43

RA

Back 43

rheumatoid arthritis

Front 44

ROM

Back 44

range of motion

Front 45

ambulate

Back 45

to walk or move about

Front 46

analgesic

Back 46

a drug that relieves pain, painkiller

Front 47

arthrocentesis

Back 47

surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid

Front 48

arthroscopy

Back 48

visual examination of a joint

Front 49

carpal

Back 49

pertaining to the wrist

Front 50

cranial

Back 50

pertaining to the skull

Front 51

craniotomy

Back 51

incision through the skull

Front 52

erythropoiesis

Back 52

formation of red blood cells

Front 53

fasciotomy

Back 53

incision of the fascia

Front 54

femoral

Back 54

pertaining to the femur

Front 55

intervertebral

Back 55

between the vertebrae

Front 56

intramuscular

Back 56

within a muscle

Front 57

leukopoiesis

Back 57

formation of white blood cells

Front 58

ligamentous

Back 58

pertaining to a ligament

Front 59

lumbago

Back 59

lower back pain

Front 60

muscular

Back 60

pertaining to muscle

Front 61

musculoskeletal

Back 61

pertaining to the muscles and skeleton

Front 62

myalgia

Back 62

muscle pain

Front 63

myasthenia

Back 63

muscle weakness

Front 64

myorrhexis

Back 64

rupture (tear) of a muscle

Front 65

orthopedist

Back 65

specialist in the musculoskeletal conditions

Front 66

osteoarthritis

Back 66

inflammation of the bones and joints

Front 67

osteoclast

Back 67

cell that breaks down bones

Front 68

osteomalacia

Back 68

softening of bone

Front 69

osteoporosis

Back 69

condition of porous bones

Front 70

osteosarcoma

Back 70

malignant bone tumor

Front 71

polydactyly

Back 71

having more than the normal numbers of fingers or toes

Front 72

spondylitis

Back 72

inflammation of the vertebrae

Front 73

spondylodynia

Back 73

pain in the vertebrae

Front 74

subcostal

Back 74

below the ribs

Front 75

tendinitis, tendonitis

Back 75

inflammation of a tendon

Front 76

tenoplasty

Back 76

surgical repair of a tendon

Front 77

cranium

Back 77

skull

Front 78

clavicle

Back 78

collarbone

Front 79

sternum

Back 79

breast bone

Front 80

scapula

Back 80

shoulder blade

Front 81

humerus

Back 81

upper arm bone

Front 82

radius

Back 82

lower arm bone (thumb side)

Front 83

ulna

Back 83

lower arm bone (pinkie side)

Front 84

carpus

Back 84

wrist

Front 85

metacarpals

Back 85

hand bones

Front 86

phalanges

Back 86

fingers and toes

Front 87

coccyx

Back 87

tailbone

Front 88

pelvis

Back 88

hip bone

Front 89

femur

Back 89

thigh bone

Front 90

patella

Back 90

kneecap

Front 91

tibia

Back 91

shin bone

Front 92

fibula

Back 92

smaller lower leg bone

Front 93

tarsus

Back 93

ankle

Front 94

calcaneus

Back 94

heel bone

Front 95

metatarsals

Back 95

foot bones

Front 96

fascia

Back 96

fibrous membrane that covers, binds, and separates muscles

Front 97

ligament

Back 97

tissue that connects bone to bone

Front 98

sprain

Back 98

trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament

Front 99

strain

Back 99

trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive stretching

Front 100

tendon

Back 100

tissue that connects muscle to bone

Front 101

articulation

Back 101

a place where two bones meet

Front 102

kyphosis

Back 102

abnormal outward curvature of the thoracic spine (hunchback)

Front 103

lordosis

Back 103

abnormal forward curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)

Front 104

scoliosis

Back 104

abnormal sideways curvature of the spine to the left or right

Front 105

abduction

Back 105

movement away from the body

Front 106

adduction

Back 106

movement toward the body

Front 107

flexion

Back 107

bending a limb

Front 108

extension

Back 108

extending a limb

Front 109

dorsiflexion

Back 109

bending the foot upward

Front 110

plantar flexion

Back 110

bending the foot downward

Front 111

inversion

Back 111

moving the sole of the foot inward

Front 112

eversion

Back 112

moving the sole of the foot outward

Front 113

supination

Back 113

turning the palm of the hand up

Front 114

pronation

Back 114

turning the palm of the hand down

Front 115

rotation

Back 115

circular movement around an axis