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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
polar covalent bond |
a bond in which the bonding electrons are attracted somewhat more strongly by one atom than by the other |
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dipole |
a pair of separated electrical charges |
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dipole moment () |
the measure of net molecular polarity; = Q x r |
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intermolecular force |
an attractive interaction between molecules |
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van der Waals forces |
an alternative name for intermolecular forces |
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ionic bond |
a bond that results from a transfer of one or more electrons between atoms |
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ion-dipole force |
an intermolecular force resulting from electrical interactions between an ion and the partial charges on a polar molecule |
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dipole-dipole force |
an intermolecular force resulting from electrical interactions among dipoles on neighboring molecules |
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London dispersion force |
an intermolecular force resulting from the presence of temporary dipoles in atoms or molecules |
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hydrogen bond |
an attractive intermolecular force between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative O, N, or F atom and an unshared electron pair on a nearby electronegative atom |
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viscosity |
the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow |
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surface tension |
the resistance of a liquid to spreading out and increasing its surface area |
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phase changes |
a process in which the physical form but not the chemical identity of a substance changes |
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phase |
a state of matter |
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free-energy change (G) |
G = H - TS |
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molar heat capacity (Cm) |
the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 mol of a substance 1 C |
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heat of fusion (Hfusion) |
the amount of heat required for melting a solid to a liquid |
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heat of vaporization (Hvap) |
the amount of heat required for vaporization of a liquid to a gas |
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manometer |
a simple instrument for measuring gas pressure, similar in principle to the mercury barometer |
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vapor pressure (Pvap) |
the partial pressure of a gas in equilibrium |