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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

polar covalent bond

a bond in which the bonding electrons are attracted somewhat more strongly by one atom than by the other

dipole

a pair of separated electrical charges

dipole moment ()

the measure of net molecular polarity; = Q x r

intermolecular force

an attractive interaction between molecules

van der Waals forces

an alternative name for intermolecular forces

ionic bond

a bond that results from a transfer of one or more electrons between atoms

ion-dipole force

an intermolecular force resulting from electrical interactions between an ion and the partial charges on a polar molecule

dipole-dipole force

an intermolecular force resulting from electrical interactions among dipoles on neighboring molecules

London dispersion force

an intermolecular force resulting from the presence of temporary dipoles in atoms or molecules

hydrogen bond

an attractive intermolecular force between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative O, N, or F atom and an unshared electron pair on a nearby electronegative atom

viscosity

the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow

surface tension

the resistance of a liquid to spreading out and increasing its surface area

phase changes

a process in which the physical form but not the chemical identity of a substance changes

phase

a state of matter

free-energy change (G)

G = H - TS

molar heat capacity (Cm)

the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 mol of a substance 1 C

heat of fusion (Hfusion)

the amount of heat required for melting a solid to a liquid

heat of vaporization (Hvap)

the amount of heat required for vaporization of a liquid to a gas

manometer

a simple instrument for measuring gas pressure, similar in principle to the mercury barometer

vapor pressure (Pvap)

the partial pressure of a gas in equilibrium