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54 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
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Water

Hydrogen + oxygen


Inorganic (no carbon)

Minerals

Simplest nutrients


Inorganic (no carbon)

Vitamins

Organic (contains carbon)

Carbohydrates

Organic (contains carbon)


Energy yielding

Lipids (fat)

Organic (contains carbon)


Energy yielding

Protein

Organic (contains carbon)


Energy yielding

Energy yielding

Carbohydrates, lipids, and protein

Inorganic

Doesn't contain carbon


Water and minerals

Organic

Contains carbon


Vitamins, carbohydrates, lipids, and protein

CHO

4 kcal

PRO

4 kcal

FAT

9 kcal

ALCOHOL

7 kcal

AT

Adequate intake

EAR

Estimated Average Requirement

RDA

Recommended Dietary Allowance

EER

Estimated energy requirements

Essential

Body can't produce, so you need to consume

BMI

Body mass index

SOFAS

Solid fats and added sugar

Fruits (what they contain)

Foliate, vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, and fiber

Vegetables (what they contain)

Foliate, vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, and fiber.

Grains (what they contain)

Foliate, niacin, riboflavin, iron, and fiber.

Protein

Vitamin B6, vitamin B12, iron, magnesium, and zinc

Dairy

Riboflavin, B12, calcium, and vitamin D

Enriched

Stripped of germ and bran. Half the nutrients are put back in.

Unenriched

Stripped of germ and bran. Nothing put back in

Fortified

Putting a nutrient that was never in something into it.

2000 call diet intake

Fruit- 2 cup


Vegetables -2 1/2


Protein- 5 oz


Dairy- 3 cups


Grains - 6 oz

Adequacy

Sufficient energy, adequate nutrients for healthy people

Balance

Enough, but not too much, of different food types

Kcalorie (energy) control

Energy in = energy out


High nutrient density food

Calorie

Nutrient Density

The most nutrients for the least food energy


Low nutrient density foods

Moderation

Food selections, low in added sugars and solid fats

Variety

Amount and within food groups


Benefits of a varied diet

Monosaccharides

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

Glucose - blood sugar

Essential energy source


Part of every disaccharide

Fructose

Sweetest of the sugars

Galactose

Only in a few foods

Disaccharides

Sugar that contains 2 monosaccharide residue

Maltose

Two glucose

Sucrose

Glucose + fructose


Table sugar

Lactose

Galactose and glucose

Polysaccharides (complex)

Glycogen

Gluco6

How we store glucose (in muscle in liver)


We've have a limited supply (12-24 hr)

DRI for carbs

45-65% of energy requirements


130g per day

DRI FOR fiber

28g

Fiber (types)

Pectin, gum, cellulose, lignin, mucilage, and remicellose

Condensation

Links 2 monosaccharides together

Hydrolysis

Breaks a disaccharide in two

DRI for added sugar

<10%

DRI sodium

2300 mg/day

DRI cholesterol

300 mg/ day

Directly related to diet

Stroke, heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity