Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Imhotep |
C. 2600 Anchient Egypt, Edwin Smith Papyrus |
|
Hippocrates |
Father of medicine: Code of ethics, morals, medical practice. Systematic, rationale approach |
|
Calen |
C. 160 AD Ancient Rome |
|
Middle Ages AP |
Avicenna c. 980 AD ( Cannon of Medicine) Mainonides 1138-1204 |
|
Andreas Vesalius |
De Humani Corporis Fabrica 1514-1657 |
|
William Harvey |
1578-1657 On the motion of the blood and heart in animals |
|
Grays Anotomy |
1858 |
|
Visible human project |
1986 |
|
Evolution |
Change in genetic composition of a population of organisms |
|
Adaptations |
Due to selective pressures useful features are evolved. |
|
Selection pressure |
Something that tends to make a population change genetically |
|
Primate adaptations |
Shoulder, thumbs, forward facing eyes, color vision, larger brains |
|
Bipedal adaptations |
Pelvis, femur, Knee, Great toe, Skull, Vertebrae |
|
Homeostasis |
Stable internal environment described as dynamic equilibrium |
|
Negative feedback loops |
Mechanism to keep variable close to its set point 1 stimulus 2 receptor 3 input 4 output 5 response |
|
Structures needed for Negative feedback loop |
Receptor: senses change. Integrator: control center Effector: carries out commands of the control center |
|
Positive feedback loop |
Self amplifying. Leads to an even greater change in the same direction |
|
Hierarchy of complexity |
Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system, and organism |
|
Germ Theory |
Some diseases are caused by microorganisms |
|
Cell theory |
1) All living things are composed of cells and cell products 2) Cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function 3) All cells come from old cells |
|
Spontaneous generation Theory |
Disproven theory that non-living things are capable of producing life |
|
Which life process, which relies heavily on nutrient inputs from the respiratory and digestive systems, sustains all other life processes?
|
Chemical reactions (metabolism) are essential for cells to function and, thus, for the body as a whole to maintain boundaries, move, respond, digest, excrete, grow, and reproduce--all necessary life functions.
|
|
In a homeostatic control mechanism, which component monitors the environment?
|
Receptors monitor changes occurring both inside and outside the body and send this information (called input) to control centers for processing.
|
|
definition of metabolism
|
includes breaking substances into their simpler building blocks, synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substances, and using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP.
|
|
Which organ systems function as control systems, communicating with other cells and organs to regulate their activities?
|
Communication is accomplished chiefly by the nervous and endocrine systems, the body's control systems.
|
|
With regards to a variation of a physiological value from its set point or normal limit, negative feedback always __________ the value back to the set point or normal limit.
|
returns
|
|
Which of the following best defines anatomy?
|
Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships with one another.
|
|
Which level of structural organization is considered to be the highest level?
|
organismal
|
|
All living organisms maintain an external boundary. Which of the following systems functions only within the body?
|
circulatory system
|