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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Levels of organization
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Atoms
Molecules Macro molecules Organelles Cells Tissue Organs Organ systems Organism |
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Homeostasis
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relatively stable internal enviroment in body
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Homeostatic Mechanism
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Stimulus -> Receptors ->Control center->Effectors
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Effectors and effects
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Blood vessels->contract or vasodialate
Glands-> sweat Muscles-> contract |
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Temp too high ? what kind of feed back?
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Negative
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Body temp (stimulus) ->
Thermoreceptors(receptors)-> Hypothalamus (Control Center)-> Effectors (BV, Glands, Muscles)-> Homeostasis |
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Woman going into labor? What kind of Feed bak?
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Positive feedback
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Pressure on Cervix(stimulus)->
Uterine receptors (receptors)-> Hypothalamus(control center)-> Posterior Pituitary Gland(Effector)--Release Oxyticin Pressure on cervix and force of contraction increase-> Continues until baby is born. |
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Frontal
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Anterior and Posterior
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Horizontal
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Superior and Inferior
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Median
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Right and Left
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Matter
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anything that has mass and takes up space.
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The three states of matter
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solid liquid gas
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smallest unit of matter is called
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Atom
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Subatomic
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Proton(positive), Neutron (neutral) and Electron(negative)
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electrically neutral
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protons and electrons are equal
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Cation
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has lost an electron
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anion
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has gained an electron
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ionic bonding
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bond created between a positive ion and negative ion
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Covalent
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bond created between atoms sharing electrons
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metabolism
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sum of all chemical reactions inside the cell
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A+B=AB
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anabolism
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AB-> A+B
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catabolism
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Co2+H2O=>H2CO3 (chemical reaction)
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synthesis
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H2CO3 => CO2 + H2O
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Decomposition
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Organic compounds
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lipids ,proteins, nucleic acid ,carbs
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disaccharides and polysaccharides are what kind of organic compound
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Carbs
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The most important polysaccharides
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glycogen
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Body Cavities
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Dorsal
-vertebral cavity -Cranial Ventral -Thoracic Cavity -Abdominopelvic |
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Vertebral
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Spinal Cord
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Cranial
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Brain
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Thoracic Houses
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Heart, Lungs, Trachea, Thymus
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Abdomial Cavity Houses
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Digestive Viscera
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Pelvic Cavity Houses
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reproductive organs, bladder, rectum
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Glycogen is stored in
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The liver , skeletal muscle
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6 carbon monosaccharide that is the primary fuel source for the body
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Glucose
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pentoses that help for DNA and RNA
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Dioxyribose and ribose
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steroid and phospholipids are an example of the organic compound category ...
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Lipids
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Most common fat in the body is
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Triglicerides
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most important fat/steroid in the body is
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Cholesterol
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role of cholesterol in the body
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synthesize bile, sex harmones, vitamin D
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molecule that forms the plasma membrane around our cells
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Phospholipids
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building blocks of protein
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amino acids
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dehydration synthesis
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a chemichal reaction that results in the production of a protein such a dipeptide
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Chemichal reaction that split a protein down to its building blocks
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Hydrolysis
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Most important protein structure in the body are
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tertiary
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peptide bonds are
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Covelent bonds that bond with amino acids
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Acids begin with
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The letter H
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Bases end with
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OH
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Breaking creating or exchanging reactants to form different products is known as
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Chemichal reactions
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ion that gained an electron is
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Anion
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Ionic bond between positive in and negative ion is
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Ionic Bonding
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Bod created between two atoms sharing an electrons is
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Covalent bonding
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Polar
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Loves water
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non polar
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Hates water
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Water and Carbon dioxide are polar or non polar
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Polar
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LiOH is a SALT BASE or ACID
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base
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HCIO4 is a SALT BASE ACID
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SALT
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H2 SO3
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ACID
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NaF
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SALT
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Zn(OH)2
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BASE
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CaCl2
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SALT
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pH scal ranges from
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0-14
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0-6 is too
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Acidic H+ levels are too high
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8 -14 is too
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Basic H+ levels are Low
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7 is
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neutral
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pH of blood is
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7.35-7.45
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Difference between amp -adp-atp
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Number of Phosphates mono-1 di-2 tri-3
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DNA is
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-Dioxyribonucleic acid
-Double stranded -Located in the nucleus |
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RNA is
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-Ribonucleic acid
-Single stranded -located in the Cytoplasm, ribosomes and nucleus |
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Complimentary bases for DNAand RNA
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DNA-> a-t c-g
RNA-> a-u g-c |
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Name of Pentose for DNA and RNA
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DNA- Dioxyribose
RNA- Ribose |
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Cell Theory states
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-All cells come from preexisting clls
-Buliding blocks of all plants and animas -Smallest units of life |
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Three Major parts of a cell
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Plasma Membrane
Cytoplasm Nucleus |
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Plasma membrane
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selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings.
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plasma membrane diagram
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The role of intergal Proteins
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Acts as channels , carriers, receptors, enzymes
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DNA is stored in the
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nucleus
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The 1st step to Protein synthesis is called
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transcription and occurs in the nucleus
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The second step in protein synthesis is
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Translation and it occurs in the cyto plasm
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Three phases of cell cycle
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Interphase Mitosis Cytokenesis
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what happens during the different
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Interphase--
Mitosis- PMAT Cytokenesis- |
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Diffusion
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Solutes move from high concentration to low concentration
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Osmosis
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Water Move from high water to low water concentration
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Active transport
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Exchange pump Na+/K+
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Passive transport
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Diffusion
Osmosis |
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difference between endocytosis and exocytosis
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endo-> into cell
Exo->releasing it out |
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Two layers of skin are
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Epidermis
Dermis |
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Epidermis function
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Stratum corneum-outermost
Stratum Basale- Innermost |
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Dermis Function
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Vascular nerve endings Synthesizes vitamin D
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Thin/ thick skin found where
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thin skin-everywhere
Thick skin-Palms and soles of feet |
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Three types of skin cancer according to health risk
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Melanoma, Carcinoma, basal cell carcinome check on order
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ABCD of cancer
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-Asymmetry. One half doesn't match the appearance of the other half.
-Border irregularity. The edges are ragged, notched, or blurred. -Color. The color (pigmentation) is not uniform. Shades of tan, brown, and black are present. Dashes of red, white, and blue add to a mottled appearance. -Diameter. The size of the mole is greater than 1/4 inch (6 mm), about the size of a pencil eraser. Any growth of a mole should be evaluated. -Evolution. There is a change in the size, shape, symptoms (such as itching or tenderness), surface (especially bleeding), or color of a mole. |
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