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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Christopher Columbus |
italian explorer who "discovered" new world in 1492 using spain's resources |
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Bartolome de LAS CASAS |
defended the native americans and preached for better treatment of their enslavement in debate |
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John Smith |
responsible for the success of JAMESTOWN |
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John Rolfe |
first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in Jamestown, VA
MARRIED POCAHONTAS |
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John Winthrop |
"CITY UPON A HILL" led 900 immigrants (some fams) became first governor of MASS BAY COLONY PURITAN LEADER |
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John Locke |
preached "pursuit of life, liberty and property" associated with the enlightenment movement in Europe & the introduction of reason not religion gov created by people for people |
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Powhatan |
chief of the powhatan tribe and allowed for the english settlers to successfully settle |
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Pocahontas |
daughter of powhatan saves john smiths life marries john rolfe |
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William Penn |
his colony was marked by unity of purpose in 1681 Charles II gave Pennsylvania to him as payment to debt to father |
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Roger Williams |
a puritan minister in salem who opposed the decision to establish an official religion advocated toleration and FREEDOM OF RELIGION wanted to PAY INDIANS FOR LAND left to RHODE ISLAND |
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Anne Hutchinson |
denied salvation could be earned thru good deeds believed in predestined antinomianism (don't follow anything do as you want bc predestined) |
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Jamestown |
in the Virginia Colony, was founded on May 14, 1607.It was the first permanent English settlement. It was founded by Captain John Smith.
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Plymouth |
where 100 settlers (pilgrims) landed on from the mayflower in 1620 |
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Massachusetts Bay Colony |
where the pilgrims and puritans were from by 1640, region attracted more than 20K immigrants coming in fam groups creating a livable community ENFORCED GODS LAWS |
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Virginia |
was the first colony founded in 1607 by John Smith and other colonists including John Rolfe backed by the London Company, at Jamestown. Named after Queen Elizabeth I of England - the "Virgin Queen" |
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Maryland |
Lord Baltimore serves as refugee for catholics facing persecution |
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South Carolina |
leading white settlers were migrants from Barbados (adopted their slave code) RICE=KEY CROP also Sugar very labor intensive for slaves, as they wer 1st to be outnumbered by slaves after rice cultiv. |
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Rhode Island |
Roger Williams and 50 others followed here to worship with freedom of religion anne hutchinson also came here |
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Pennsylvania |
designed to be a refugee for quakers, who were persecuted in england for refusing to join military, pay taxes, or support church of england |
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Southern Colonies (Chesapeake) |
warm climate, good soil, suitable for tobacco cash crops, more motivated by gold, LOTS OF MEN->women had more property rights (bc they die), MORE SLAVES ind serv, <- HEADRIGHT SYSTEM |
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New England Colonies |
cool climate, subsistence farming, MORE RELIGIOUS, fishing, commerce, shipbuilding (to bring slaves in later), lots of families, fast rivers= less diseases, and future power mills, Longer life expectancy, valued education |
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Spain motivation |
SPREAD CATHOLICISM, 3 G'S, merchantilism, closely supervised |
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Dutch motivation |
FUR TRADE, brazil sugar plantations, bad relations with natives |
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French motivation |
Profit, national glory, spreading faith, Northwest passage to the Orient, Piracy of Spanish treasure ships.Settlements: Fishermen, FUR TRADERS, did business with natives and intermarried.
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encomiendas |
Natives slave labor system; depending relation system protect weak for exchange of services on sugar plantations (also religion convertion) |
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columbian exchange |
the movement of disease and peoples across atlantic ocean |
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indentured servants |
contracts to labor in America typically poor englishmen most died before finishing contract need for slaves soon caused decrease in them |
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cash crops- tobacco? sugar? rice? |
tobacco= VA AND MARYLAND rice= SOUTH CAROLINA sugar= sc and Barbados/ Brazil |
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Act of Toleration |
1649- in Maryland that "permitted" all forms of Christian worship |
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House of Burgesses |
first convened in 1619 the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia, representative colony set up by England to make laws and levy taxes but England could veto its legislative acts. SELF GOVERNING |
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Mayflower Compact |
used the Puritans SELF GOVERNING religious congregation as the MODEL FOR POLITICAL STRUCTURE |
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Pilgrims |
religious seperatist- puritans who left the church of eng and exiled on mayflower |
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Puritans |
Protestants who did not seperate from the church of england but hoped to PURIFY religion by going to colonies MASS BAY COLONY |
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Quackers |
led by William Penn those who refused to pay taxes, serve in military, and support church of eng PENNSYLVANIA |
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Pequot War |
1637- series of violent exchanges between the Puritans and the Pequot (EXTRA CRED) |
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Metacom's War (King Phillip's War) |
1675-1676- eng outnumbered natives 3-1 though natives destroyed towns and killed more losses suffered by natives- famine, disease, slavery 4,500 died |
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Navigation Acts |
1651 & 1660- required that goods be carried only through english owned things, exports of goods made to England ONLY |
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salutary neglect |
1720- due to splurge on income from slavery, less control of rules of colonies by english |
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Molasses Act |
1733- which imposed a tax of six pence per gallon on imports of molasses from non-English colonies, smuggling occured |
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Dominion of New England |
1686- King James II sent Andros to create this new royal place to demonstrate control, ended after change of King |
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Bacon's Rebellion |
conflict between indian and ind servants, CAUSING increase of SLAVES and DECREASE of IND SERV due to lack of trust of their services from englishmen |
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Salem Witch Trials |
1692- marked turning point of witchcraft in mass bay colony within puritans, later gov discouraged it and encouraged reasoning (ex. the communist during 1950s hunt) |
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Anglo- Powhatan Wars |
1622- 10 year war, Powhatans younger brother (Opechancanough) led assault that killed 347 english siezed their land and food |
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Stono Rebellion |
1739 the largest spanish slave uprising in the mainland illustrates the impossibility of success for slaves, after escaping and killing many whites, 44 are captured and killed near stono river by spanish militia. MAKE TOUGHER RULES |
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Triangular trade |
A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa.
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slavery |
the FORCED USE of human labor; made up 14% of the Virginian population by 1700; more common in the southern colonies (esp. Carolina)
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middle passage/ atlantic slave trade |
the process with which slaves were transported from Africa to the new world |
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headright system |
originally created in 1618 in Jamestown, Virginia. It was used as a way to attract new settlers to the region and address the labor shortage. With the emergence of tobacco farming, a large supply of workers was needed. New settlers who paid their way to Virginia RECIEVED 50 ACRES OF LAND
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Pueblo's (pope) Rebellion |
1680- was greatest and most successful uprising of the Pueblo against the Spanish colonizers in present day NM, and were able to overthrow them |
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Iroqious |
tribe in present day NY and were one of the most powerful/influential tribes during this time period |
