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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
sensory evoked potential
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a change in the electrical activity of the brain that is elicited by the momentary presentation of a sensory stimulus.
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self-stimulation paradigm
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a paradigm in which animals press a lever to administer reinforcing electrical stimulation to their own brains
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paired-image subtraction technique
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the use of PET or MRI to locate constituent cognitive processes in the brain by producing an image of the difference in brain activity associated with two cognitive tasks that differ in terms of a single constituent cognitive process.
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skin conductance response (SCR)
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The transient change in skin conductance associated with a brief experience.
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electrooculography
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a technique for recording eye movements thru electrodes placed around the eye.
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cryogenic blockade
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the temporary elimination of neural activity in an area of the brain by cooling the area with a cryoprobe.
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
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a widely used test of general intelligence that includes 11 subtests.
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Bregma
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the point on the surgace of the skull where two of the major sutures intersect, commonly used as a reference poin5t in stereotaxic surgery on rodents.
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In situ hybridization
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A technique for locating particular proteins in the brain; molecules that bind to the mRNA that directs the synthesis of the target protein are synthesized and labeled, and brain slices are exposed to them.
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Dichotic listening test
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a test of language lateralization in which two different sequences of three spoken digits are presented simultaneously, one to each ear, and the subject is asked to report all of the digits heard.
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gene knockout techniques
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procedures for creating organism that lack a particular gene.
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elevated plus maze
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an apparatus for recording defensiveness or anxiety in rats by assessing their tendency to avoid the two open arms of a plus-sign shaped maze mounted some distance above the door of a lab.
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immunocytochemistry
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a procedure for locating particular proteins in the brain by labeling their antibodies with a dye or radioactive element and then exposing slices of brain tissue to the labeled antibodies.
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cerebral dialysis
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a method for recording changes in brain chemistry in behaving animals in which a fine tube with a short semipermeable section is implanted in the brain, and extracellular neurochemicals are continuously drawn off for analysis
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neurotoxins
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neural poisons
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gene replacement techniques
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procedures for replacing organisms in which a particular gene has been replaced with another.
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electroencephalography
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a technique for recording the gross electrical activity of the brain thru a disk-shaped electrodes, which in humans are usually taped to the surface of the scalp.
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temporal resolution
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ability of a recording technique to detect differences in time (ex. to pinpoint when an event occurred).
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spatial resolution
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ability of a recording technique to detect differences in spatial location (ex. to pinpoint a location in the brain).
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stereotaxic atlas
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a series of maps representing the three-dimensional structure of the brain that is used to determine coordinates for stereotaxic surgery.
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hypertension
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chronically high blood pressure
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2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG)
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a substance similiar to glucose that is taken up by active neurons in the brain and accumulates in them because, unlike glucose, it cannot be metabolized.
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computed tomography (CT)
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a computer-assisted X-ray procedure that can be used to visualize the brain and other internal structures of the living ody.
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Pavlovian conditioning paradigm
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a paradigm in which the experimenter pairs an initially neutral stimulus (conditional stimulus) with a stimulus (unconditional stimulus) that elicits a reflexive response (unconditional response)
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cerebral angiography
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a contrast x-ray techniques for visualizing the cerebral circulatory system by infusing a radio-translucent dye into a cerebral artery.
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concussion
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disturbance of consciousness following a blow to the head with no cerebral bleeding or obvious structural damage.
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species-common behaviors
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behaviors that are displayed in the same manner by virtually all like members of a species.
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autoradiography
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the technique of photographically developing brain slices that have been exposed to a radioactively labeled substance such as 2-DG so that regions of high uptake are visible.
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plethysmography
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any technique for measuring changes in the volume of blood in a part of the body.
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alpha waves
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regular, 8- to -12 per-second, high amplitude EEG waves that typically occur during relaxed wakefulness and just before falling asleep.
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