Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Soil forming processes |
Transformation, translocation, addition, losses |
|
Soil constituents are modified/destroyed and others are synthesized |
Transformation |
|
Transformation include... |
Mineral weathering, OM breakdown, arrangement of soil components into structural aggregates |
|
Movements of organic/inorganic materials from one horizon up/down to another |
Translocation |
|
Materials moved include |
OM, clay, salts, nutrients |
|
Unsaturated soil phenomenon that describes the movement of pore water from low to high elevation |
Capillary rise/capillary action |
|
Capillary rise is driven by... |
Hydraulic agent |
|
Process in which water passes down through the soil |
Percolation |
|
Lower part phenomenon of soil water where it moves layer to layer of soil to meet groundwater zone |
Percolation |
|
Upper part phenomenon of soil water which increase the soil moisture |
Infiltration |
|
Considered interflow |
Infiltration |
|
Considered baseflow |
Percolation |
|
_____________ of materials from outside sources |
Addition |
|
Examples of materials added to soil |
OM, dust from the atmosphere, soluble salts from groundwater |
|
Losses of materials from soil profile |
Water due to evaporation/transpiration, nutrients by leaching, surface materials by erosion, other forms of removal |
|
Level of groundwater |
Water table |
|
The smaller the soil pores, the ____________ the capillary rise |
Higher |
|
Water moves through the soil and removed soluble constituents |
Leaching |
|
Movement of materials (usually clay and humus) out of a horizon |
Eluviation |
|
Deposition of materials into a horizon |
Illuviation |
|
Soil forming factors |
Climate, living organism, topography, parent material, time |
|
Unconsolidated and more/less chemically weathered mineral or OM from which the solum of soils is developed by pedogenic processes |
Parent material |
|
Soil developed from calcareous parent material (_______________) has high ____ content and is (acidic/alkaline) |
Limestone, Ca, alkaline |
|
Soils developed from primary minerals are _____________ to weathering |
resistant |
|
Parent material is classified based on __________ in their present location |
Mode of placement |
|
Classification of parent material |
Residual, transported, organic |
|
Classification of parent material formed in place from rock |
Residual |
|
Classification of PM: accumulated plant debris |
Organic |
|
Soil formed from bedrock |
Residual |
|
Examples of residual PM |
Sandstone, limestone, basalt, granite |
|
Origin of residual PM with clayey soil texture |
Basalt, andesite, volcanic tuff |
|
Origin of residual PM with loamy and sandy soil texture |
Granite, coarse sandstone |