Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Contraction produces ______, force exerted on load or object to be moved.
|
Muscle Tension
|
|
___________, no shortening, muscle tension increases but does not exceed load.
|
Isometric Contraction
|
|
__________, Muscle shortens because muscle tension exceeds load.
|
Isotonic Contraction
|
|
Each muscle is connected to at least one _____(______)
|
Motor Nerve (Nerve Fiber)
|
|
A _____ is a motor neuron and all (hundreds) of muscle fibers it controls.
|
Motor Unit
|
|
Motor units in muscles usually contract _______ to prevent muscle fatigue.
|
Asynchonously (Not at the same time)
|
|
A ________ is a motor units response to single action potential of it's motor neuron.
|
Muscle Twitch
|
|
The three phases of muscle twitch are _______.
|
Latent Period
Period of Contraction Period of Relaxation |
|
_____________, sarcomere shortens from cross bridge formation, there is visible tension (external tension).
|
Period of Contraction
|
|
_______, Ca 2+ re-enters into the SR, tension declines to zero.
|
Period of Relaxation
|
|
______________,events of excitation-contraction coupling. No visible shortening of muscle.
|
Latent Period
|
|
_______, are required for proper control of skeletal movement
|
Graded muscle responses
|
|
Responses are graded by:
1.Changing ______ of stimulation 2. Changing _______ of stimulation. |
Frequency, Strength
|
|
__________ Produce twitches
|
Threshold Strimuli
|
|
Twitches can very in strength depending on:
|
Ca 2+, Concentration, Previous Stretch of the Muscle, Temperature, Ph and Hydration
|
|
________ In Muscle cell occurs much faster than actual contraction
|
Action Potential
|
|
Low Frequency (up to ____ per second)
|
10 Stimulus
|
|
Moderate Frequency (Between ____________________ per second)
|
10-20 Stimulus
|
|
Increase in SR Ca 2+ Concentration = More Cross Bridge Formation = ______________________
|
Increase in tension produced
|
|
If the second contraction is of greater force, then there is an additional __________.
|
Ca 2+ Release
|
|
If there is an Further increase in stimulus frequency, the result will be an _______.
|
Unfused (Incomplete tetanus)
|
|
If stimuli are given quickly enough, muscle reaches maximal tension and the result is _______.
|
Fused Tetanus
|
|
Why is tetanic tension so much greater than twitch tension?
Isometric Tension produced by ______, at any moment depends mainly on __________. |
Total number of cross bridges undergoing power stroke.
|
|
A single action potention in a skeletal muscle fiber briefly releases enough ____________, to saturate ______________ making all of the shin filaments initially available.
|
Calcium, Troponin
|
|
What happens during the time in between the binding of energized myosin head to myosin binding sites?
|
The Calcium released by the SR gets pumped back into te SR by the SERCA pumps.
|
|
During Tetanus contraction, the succesive _____ Each release _____ from the SR before all of the Ca from the previous AP can be pumped into the SR.
|
Action Potentials, Calcium
|