Chap 1 A&p - Clincal Eval And Imaging Terms

Front 1

inspection/observation

Back 1

Visual inspection (usually refers to observation with unaided eye). Search for physical signs with your eyes and sense of smell.

Front 2

auscultation

Back 2

listening to sounds within the body w/ a stethoscope (lungs, heart, etc)

Front 3

palpation

Back 3

act of feeling parts of body with hands

Front 4

percussion

Back 4

act of tapping with the fingers to elicit a sound to get an idea about the condition of internal organs
(determine consistency of tissues and/or organs through vibration and areas of tenderness)

Front 5

Otoscope

Back 5

is a medical device which is used to look into the ears (Sometimes doctors would shine the lite up the nose)

Front 6

Ophthalmoscope

Back 6

used to examine the interior of the eye

Front 7

Endoscopes

Back 7

A lighted optical instrument used to get a deep look inside the body and examine organs such as the throat or esophagus

Front 8

Stethoscopes

Back 8

acoustic medical device for auscultation, or listening to the internal sounds of an animal body. It is often used to listen to lung

Front 9

Sphygmomanometer

Back 9

blood pressure meter is a device used to measure blood pressure

Front 10

Thermometer

Back 10

device that measures temperature

Front 11

Audiometer

Back 11

is a machine used for evaluating hearing loss

Front 12

Spirometer

Back 12

apparatus for measuring the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs

Front 13

Tympanogram

Back 13

an objective test of middle-ear function. not a hearing test, but rather a measure of energy transmission through the middle ear. Tests the condition of the middle ear, mobility of the eardrum, and the conduction bones by creating variations of air pressure in the ear canal.

Front 14

Electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG)

Back 14

a test that records the electrical activity of the heart or a test that checks for problems with the electrical activity of your heart

Front 15

Radiographs (Xrays)

Back 15

1) evaluation of bones for fractures or dislocations.
2) evaluation of air-filled spaces (sinuses, lungs, intestines)
3) May use contrast material (e.g. barium) to fill hollow organs (e.g. esophagus, stomach, intestines, bladder) and visualize more detail

Front 16

computerized tomography (CT) scans

Back 16

Series of x-rays compiled/combined by a computer to create sectional images of various body regions. Gives more detail about solid organs, hollow organs (if filled with contrast), air-filled organs. Useful in locating and assessing tumors. Can also give more detail about skeletal injuries, if needed

Front 17

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 17

Uses magnetic fields rather than radiation. Best for imaging of soft tissues (ligaments, tendons, muscles) and also good for solid organs. Difficult for patients with claustrophobia

Front 18

positron emission tomography (PET) scans

Back 18

Uses radioactive glucose to evaluate the metabolic activity of specific cells, tissues and organs.
(also one of the a nuclear medicine scan?)

Front 19

nuclear medicine scans

Back 19

Other nuclear medicine studies (bone scan, thyroid scan, etc.) involve the use of radioactive isotopes to obtain special images that provide information about the FUNCTIONAL status of organs

Front 20

sonograms

Back 20

Uses sound energy to produce echoes that give detail about fluid-filled spaces (e.g. bladder, amniotic sac, gallbladder). No radiation exposure. Preferred study in obstetrics to evaluate fetus

Front 21

Angiography

Back 21

X-rays (or CT, MRI) of blood vessels that have been filled with an intravenous contrast medium to show detail of vascular structures
Used in imaging coronary (heart) vessels, carotid arteries, renal arteries, etc. to look for blockages or abnormal vascular formations

Front 22

The 5 basic Clinical Evaluation/Assessment techniques

Back 22

1) History (Symptoms)
2) Physical Exam (Signs) w/ exam techniques and exam equipment
3) Imaging Studies
4) Laboratory Analysis
5) Diagnostic Studies