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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define urbanisation |
The process of urban growth which leads to an increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities. |
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Causes of urbanisation |
Better paid jobs More opportunities Better living conditions Less travel More services |
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Burgess Model |
1920s Before mass car ownership Based on American cities New working+housing trends risen Doesn't take into account geographical features or surrounding settlements. |
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Hoyt Model |
1940s Based on American cities Doesn't take into account geographical landmarks or surrounding settlements Based on Burgess Model |
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CBD |
Usually at site of original settlement Contains main shops, entertainment and leisure facilities. Proffesional offices on outer edge |
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Inner city |
Used to contain lots of manufacturing industry This has now closed down Small terraced houses with few green spaces May have been redeveloped with new upmarket apartments |
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Inner suburbs |
Larger houses with gardens Some shops and parks |
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Outer suburbs |
New houses and housing estates New shopping centres Parks |
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Suburbs in general |
More expensive Popular with families Larger detached houses Bigger gardens More open spaces |
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Rural-urban firnge |
New housing estates Retail and leisure parks Villages and fields Recreational facilities (golf courses) |
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Tackling lack of housing in urban areas |
1960s and 70s, local authorities replaced terraces with tower blocks |
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Problems of tower blocks |
Poor ventilation Pollution Inaccessible Noise Hazardous due to overcrowding Poorly built Traffic |
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Congestion charge |
London £11.50 daily in the centre of London around Soho and Buckingham Palace |
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Shanty town |
Squatter settlement which appears in a place where there used to be no houses |
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Squatter settlement |
Where people live in small poorly built houses without the legal permission to live there |
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Informal sector |
People work for themselves |
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Pros of informal sector |
You choose the job You choose when to do it No tax Self-employed |
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Cons of informal sector |
No regular wage No job security (contract) No pension No health and safety protection No health insurance |
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Why does segregation happen? |
Familiar culture Support from others Specialist facilities Employment factors Safety in numbers |
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Brown-field sites |
An area of disused or derelict land in an urban area which is available for re-development |
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Green field site |
An area of open space or countryside which has not yet been built on |
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Brown field site at Dumplington |
1998-£600 million to build Trafford Centre Attracts more than 35 million visitors per year |
