Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1500-1820s
|
-Race Stratification: Indians, Europeans, Africans
peninsulares – whites born in Spain, creoles –born in NW Portugal’s taxing of exports instead of the domestic market slowed moves towards independence It was challenge to the power of the Creoles more than anything else that led Spanish America towards independence |
|
1820s-1870s
|
Exportable surplus of agriculture and mining production that linked south/north America.
Governments run by strong men – caudillos Almost no growth during this period Oligarchic States |
|
Pension Reforms but
|
Transitional reforms high
Private funds charged high fees |
|
L.A. Conondrum -
|
dependency theory, cultural, policies, inequality
|
|
How did bureacratic authoritarian regimes enforce dominance of oligarchized and internationalized bourgeousie.
|
excluding from power the popular sectors, and stabilizing the economy by benefitting large companies at the expense of teh worker.
|
|
Velasco?
|
Peru, nationalised but encourage some private foreign investment. Failed to create organised base of support
|
|
Weakness with Punto Fijo
|
armed forces bought off, ran own affairs. centralized power - appointed not elected. some groups not represented by 2 parties.
|
|
Perez:
|
Chavez predecessor, failed to instill free market reforms, botched doubling of gas price
|
|
21st century socialism marked by:
|
increases in public spending as a result of rise in oil prices and bigger shares of revenue
|
|
Poderes Factitios
|
Shadowy guiatemalan networks linking corrupt former army officals and organized criminal gangs of drug traffickers
|
|
Salinas:
|
Mexican President, led country into NAFTA
|
|
Tequila Crisis:
|
1994 devaluation of currency that led to a deep recession
|
|
Telmex
|
Mexican phone company, monopoly, private
|
|
Jose Carlose Mariategui
|
Journalist/essayist who founded Perus' communist party. Opposed by Haya de la Torre and APRA
|
|
Evo Morales:
|
president of Bolivia, leader of socialist movement, wants land reforms and redistribution of gas wealth to give more power to the poor
|
|
Daniel Ortega:
|
president of Nicaragua, leader of Sandinista National Liberation Front, also a fan of land reform and wealth redistribution
|
|
Juscilana Kubitschek
|
president of Brazil, 50 years progress in 5
|
|
Mononeros:
|
L.A.'s most powerful urban guerilla group, radical catholicism, nationalism, Peronism into a populistic expression of socialism.2 years wiped out by military
|
|
Punto Fijo
|
Venezuela, power sharing agreement that placed 2 political parties at center of life in order to exclude commies and set limits to political competition.
|
|
PdVSA
|
Venezuela state oil company
|
|
Bolivarian Revolution
|
act by Chavez to set up a health clinic (Mercal) - a super market, education missions including Barrio Adentro - housed 16000 doctors provided by Castro.
|
|
Rafael Correra
|
Ecuadorian president, 'humanist on the Christian Left'
|
|
Polarization
|
decreases confidence and stability
|
|
Fundacion:
|
joint venture between gov't and ITT (american business conglomerate) Brought into being to improve image smeared by CIA coup allegations against Allende. Helped development of businesses - seeks private partners and drops out once business is viable.
|
|
Michelle Bachelet
|
2006, president of Chile, Socialist parties. promotes a citizens democracy but shook by protests over quality of education.
|
|
Pacto:
|
an incomes policy negotiated with business and Fidel Velazquez real wages halved in the '92. Mexico
|
|
National Human Rights Commission:
|
PRI surrendered its monopoly of state governships, allowed elections
|
|
IFE
|
Federal Electoral Institute. Mexico
|
|
National Solidarity Programme:
|
40% of total public investment, for building health clinics etc. money goes mainly to mayors, backed by newly created solidarity committees.
|
|
Populism:
|
brand of politics in which a strong leader purports to be savior, blurring distinctino between leader government party state. Redistribution of income in an unsustainable fashion - driven by inequality and rich natural resources
|
|
Treaty of Tlatelolco
|
commitment to remain free of nuclear weapons
|
|
FARC
|
terrorist group, columbia ecuador bolivia
|
|
NAEWG
|
north american energy alliance
|
|
Gendarmies:
|
militias set up by National Guard mostly in Nicaragua
|
|
Calvo Doctrine
|
foreigners including investors should be treated the same as nationals
|
|
Drago Doctrine:
|
debts should not be collected by force
|
|
Dulles
|
proposition that control of any American state by communist constituted a threat.
|
|
Richard Lagos
|
president of Chile, deepened its commitment to neoliberalism
|
|
Cardosa (Real Plan)
|
Bottom up industrialization, centerpiece = virtual currency - unit of real value
|
|
Brazil Late industrialization due to:
|
3 decades of growth sine 1980, debt crisis/poor leadership, size, statist nationalism. less populated areas greatly overrepresented
|
|
Lula
|
Bolsa familia successful, committed to Cardosa IMF loan - neoliberal policies. kept important ministries in hands of PT.
|
|
appointment of Salinas caused
|
split by Cardenas who started PRD
|
|
Salinas restored:
|
relations with Vatican, granted members of ejidos land, joined NAFTA
|
|
Zedillo:
|
IFE finally independent, Supreme court created
|
|
PAN
|
conservative lawyers, Vincent Fox
|
|
3 priorities of Washington after 1980s
|
opening markets strengthening democracies and stemming drug flow
|
|
4 principles that guide US immigration plicy
|
reunification of families, immigrants with needed skills, protection of refugees, diversity by country
|