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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vieilles Vignes Francaises
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Bollinger
Ay 100% Pinot Noir |
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Fine Fleur de Bouzy
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Hubert Dauvergne
Bouzy 100% Pinot Noir |
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Clos St.-Hilaire
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Billecart-Salmon
1 ha in Mareuil-sur-Ay 100% Pinot Noir |
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Vauzelle Terme
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Jacquesson
Ay 100% Pinot Noir |
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Clos d'Ambonnay
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Krug
Reims 100% Pinot Noir Produced in '96, '96, '98 |
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Les Crayeres
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Egly-Ouriet
Ambonnay 100% Pinot Noir RM NV |
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Clos du Mesnil
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Krug
Reims 100% Chardonnay produced in '79, '80-'83, '85, '86, '88, '90, '92, '95, '96, '98-'00 |
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Prestige
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Comtes Audoin de Dampierre
Chenay 100% Chardonnay |
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Grand Vin de Princes
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de Venoge
Epernay 100% Chardonnay '61 - '94, reappeared only in 2000 |
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Amour de Deutz
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Deutz
Ay 100% Chardonnay first made in 1993 |
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Blanc des Millenaires
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Charles Heidsieck
Reims 100% Chardonnay |
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Cuvee les Aventures
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AR Lenoble
Chouilly 100% Chardonnay |
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Cuvee Gentilhomme
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AR Lenoble
Chouilly 100% Chardonnay |
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Cuvee Prestige
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Bonnaire
Cramant 100% Chardonnay |
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Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige
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Guy Larmandier
Cramant 100% Chardonnay |
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Substance
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Jacques Selosse
Avize 100% Chardonnay NV |
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Exception Blanche
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Mailly Grand Cru
Mailly-Champagne 100% Chardonnay |
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Clos Cazals
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Claude Cazals
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger 100% Chardonnay RM |
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Corne Batray
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Jacquesson
Dizy 100% Chardonnay |
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Champ Cain
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Jacquesson
Avize 100% Chardonnay |
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Terres de Noel
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Jean Milan
Oger 100% Chardonnay |
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Cuvee Speciale les Chetillons
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Pierre Peters
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger 100% Chardonnay |
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Clos Faubourg Notre Dame
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Veuve Fornay
Vertus - .23ha walled vineyard 100% Chardonnay |
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Oldest Champagne house still in operation
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Gosset (started making still wine in 1584....Ruinart oldest SPARKLING Champagne house, established in 1729)
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First brut Champagne on the market
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Pommery 'Nature' (1874)
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Champagne's AOC/AOP distinction
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It is the only AOC/AOP that does not need to list AOC/AOP on its label
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1914
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One of the finest vintages of the 20th century, produced under the oppression of WWI - especially in Reims
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Weinfuhrer
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Otto Klaebisch, a Nazi-appointed agent who took up residence at VCP estate and demanded huge amounts of Champagne for the Germans
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First vintage on Dom Perignon
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1921
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48th parallel
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Champagne northerly location
- Mean annual temp is 50F, making ripening hard and climatic conditions a constant threat |
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Belemnite Chalk
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A porous subsoil that is pushed to the surface on Champagne's slopes
- absorbs heat to protect vines on cool nights - provides excellent drainage in wetter climates - high limestone content --> vine roots can dig deeply which leads to increased acidity |
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Micraster Chalk
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A soil that characterizes the valley vineyards in Champagne
- named for an extinct sea urchin |
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Dominant soil type in the Aube
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Clay
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"Les bleus de ville"
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Shreds of blue plastic left from a time when fertilizing with Parisian was common in Champagne's vineyards
- Practice was outlawed in 1998 |
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Authorized grapes in Champagne
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Pinot Noir
Pinot Meunier Chardonnay Pinot Blanc Vrai Arbane Pinot Gris (aka Fromonteau) Petit Meslier |
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Four Pruning Methods Allowed in Champagne
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Cordon de Royat
Chablis Vallee de la Marne Guyot (double and simple) |
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Marc of grapes
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4,000 kg
- the amount held in a traditional Coquard basket press |
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CIVC limit on pressing grapes
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- 102L/160kg of grapes
- 2,550L/4,000kg of grapes |
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Pinot Noir's role in Champagne assemblage
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Structure, richness, and body
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Pinot Meunier's role in Champagne assemblage
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Youthful fruitiness and approachability
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Chardonnay's role in Champagne assemblage
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Elegance and longevity
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Districts of Champagne and their dominant grapes (north to south)
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Montagne de Reims - Pinot Noir
Vallee de la Marne - Pinot Meunier Cote des Blancs - Chardonnay Cote de Sezanne - Chardonnay Aube - Pinot Noir |
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______________ is late-budding and early-ripening, a tendency that makes it prized by growers.
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Pinot Meunier
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Champagne Premier Cru for white grapes only
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Tours-sur-Marne (in the Vallee de la Marne)
- Grand Cru is for red grapes only |
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Champagne Premier Cru for red grapes only
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Chouilly
- Grand Cru is for white grapes only |
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Montagne de Reims Grand Crus (north to south)
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(Pinot Noir dominant)
Sillery Puisieulx Beaumont-sur-Vesle Verzenay Mailly Verzy (added in 1985) Louvois Bouzy Ambonnay |
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Vallee de la Marne Grand Crus (north to south)
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(Pinot Meunier dominant)
Ay Tours-sur-Marne (red grapes only) |
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Cote des Blancs Grand Crus (north to south)
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(Chardonnay dominant)
Chouilly (white grapes only for Grand Cru) Oiry (added in 1985) Cramant Avize Oger (added in 1985) Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (added in 1985) |
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Cote de Sezanne Grand Crus (north to south)
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(Chardonnay dominant)
No Grand Crus |
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(Cote des Bars)/Aube Grand Crus (north to south)
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(Pinot Noir)
No Grand Crus |
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NM
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Negociant Manipulant
- a large house such as VCP, Billecart-Salmon, Louis Roederer, Pol Roger, etc |
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RM
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Recoltant Manipulant
- grower and producer such as Marc Hebrart, Jacques Selosse, etc. |
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CM
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Cooperative Manipulant
- grower's co-op that produces wine under a single brand such as Nicolas Feuillate |
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RC
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Recoltant Cooperateur
- grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-op but are sold under his own label |
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SR
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Societe de Recoltants
- A firm, not a co-op, set up by a union of often related growers who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands |
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ND
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Negociant Distributeur
- middleman company that distributes Champagne that it didn't make |
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MA
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Marque d'Acheteur
- a "buyer's own brand" |
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Vin de Cuvee
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The first 2,050L of the press
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Vin de Taille
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The remaining 500L of the press
- richer in pigment and tannin - many producers sell this off, whereas some include it as a minor structural element in the blend |
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Rebeche
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Third extraction
- by law, must comprise 1-10% of the total - used for distillate, not Champagne |
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Only Premier Cru villages in Champagne with a 99% ranking
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- Mareuil-sur-Ay (Vallee de la Marne)
- Tauxieres (Montagne de Reims) |
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"Blocage" and "Deblocage"
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respectively, the reserve and release of wine stocks for use in future vintages
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Debourage
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Settling of the juices after pressing
- in Champagne, it happens at a cool temperature for 8-15 hours |
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Bourbes
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Solids in the wines just after pressing (will eventually be removed by racking)
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Vin Clairs
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high-acid base wines which usually have an ABV around 11%
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Autolysis
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Breakdown of dead yeast cells that forms sediment (lees) in the bottle as secondary fermentation occurs
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LVMH
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Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessey
- the luxury conglomerate that controls Moet & Chandon, Krug, VCP, and Mercier |
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Prise de Mousse
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Secondary fermentation that lasts up to 8 weeks in which the ABV rises approx. 1.2-1.3% and the carbon dioxide builds pressure within the bottle of 5 to 6 atmospheres
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Number of bottles held by a Gyropalette
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504
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Bollinger's RD
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"Recemment Degorge"
- the wine is kept 'sur point' for years and is only disgorged upon order |
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Degorgement a la glace
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A method of "degorgement" that involves dipping the neck of the bottle in a freezing brine solution so that the frozen sediment can be removed while losing minimal wine
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Degorgement a la volee
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An older method of "degorgement" from the Champagne bottle that invariably loses excess wine
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Liqueur di tirage
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a mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar, and filtering agents that will serve to ignite the secondary fermentation
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Liqueur d'expedition
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- aka 'Dosage'
- a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine used to top off bottles after wine is lost during the removal of sediment - as wines are fermented fully dry, the amount of sugar in the dosage determines the style and sweetness/dryness level of the wine |
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Extra Brut
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0-6 g/L
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Brut
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0-12 g/L
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Extra Dry
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12-17 g/L
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Sec
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17-32 g/L
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Demi-Sec
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32-50 g/L
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Doux
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50+ g/L
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Aging requirements for Champagne
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NV: 15 months (incl. 12mos sur-lie)
Vintage: 36 months |
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Clos de Goisses
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Philipponnat's benchmark bottling originally released in 1935 from one of the few walled vineyards in Champagne
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Methode Ancestrale
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- Oldest and most rudimentary method
- Fermentation begins in tank, but wine is transferred to bottles before it is complete - Liqueur de tirage is unnecessary, and Dosage is not allowed - Examples include: Bugey Cerdon, Clairette de Die Methode Dioise Ancestrale, Gaillac Mousseux Methode Gaillacoise |
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Cuvee Perle d'Ayala
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- Ayala
- Ay - Brut and Nature - mostly Chardonnay (20% PN) |
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Grand Cuvee and Elisabeth Salmon Rose
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- Billecart Salmon
- Mareuil-su-Ay |
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La Grande Annee
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- Bollinger
- Ay |
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Charles de Gaulle
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- Drappier
- Urville - 80/20 Chard/PN |
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Celebris
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- Gosset
- Ay - BdB NV; Vintage Brut & Brut Rose |
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Cuvee Paradis
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- Alfred Gratien
- Epernay - NV Brut and Brut Rose |
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Cuvee des Enchanteleurs
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- Henriot
- Reims |
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Grand Vin Signature
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- Jacquesson
- Dizy |
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Grand Siecle
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- Laurent Perrier
- Tours-sur-Marne - Typically NV |
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Cuvee R. Lalou
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- G.H. Mumm
- Reims |
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Nec-Plus-Ultra
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- Bruno Paillard
- Reims |
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Cuvee Josephine
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- Joseph Perrier
- Chalons-sur-Marne - Mostly Chardonnay |
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Rare
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- Piper- Heidsieck
- Reims |
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Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill
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- Pol Roger
- Epernay |
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Cuvee Louise
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- Pommery
- Reims - Brut and Brut Rose |
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Dom Ruinart
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- Ruinart
- Bdb and Rose (85 Chard/15 PN) |
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Cuvee Laetitia
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- Henri Billiot
- Ambonnay - mostly Chardonnay - NV - RM |
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Coeur de Cuvee
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- Vilmart
- Rilly-la-Montagne - 80C/20PN - RM |
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Name two CM producers
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- Nicolas Feuillatte (largest; Chouilly)
- Mailly Grand Cru (Mailly-Champagne) |
