Ch.3 The Biosphere (Biology)

Front 1

when matter and energy moves through ecosystems

Back 1

ecosystems energy flow

Front 2

provides energy and food for the comsumers

Back 2

producers

Front 3

uses the product to function in ecosystems

Back 3

consumers

Front 4

name the 5 types of heterotrophs

Back 4

herbivore
carnivore
omnivore
detritivore
decomposer

Front 5

What is the difference between a detritivore and a decomposer?

Back 5

Detritivores feed on plant and animal remains while decomposers break down the dead matter.

Front 6

Name the 3 ecological methods

Back 6

observing, experimenting, and modeling

Front 7

list the levels of organization from smallest to largest

Back 7

individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Front 8

list the levels of organization from largest to smallest

Back 8

biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community, population, individual

Front 9

What is the level that scientists study when observing, testing, and modeling

Back 9

ecosystem

Front 10

major land masses and groups of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities

Back 10

biome

Front 11

Give some examples of biomes

Back 11

tundra, tega, savanna, desert, tropical rain forest

Front 12

contains the combined portions of the planet in which all life exists including land, water, air, or atmosphere

Back 12

biosphere

Front 13

a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Back 13

food chains

Front 14

what is the 3rd level consumer?

Back 14

tertiary

Front 15

connects all of the food chains in an ecosystem

Back 15

food web

Front 16

shows the relative amount of matter and energy

Back 16

ecological pyramid

Front 17

the rate at which organic matter is created by producers

Back 17

primary productivity

Front 18

ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly

Back 18

limiting nutrient

Front 19

the result of an increased amount of limiting nutrients

Back 19

algal bloom

Front 20

any chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life

Back 20

nutrient

Front 21

95% of the body is made up of these four elements

Back 21

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

Front 22

one organism is responsible for one change while another is responsible for the next

Back 22

biogeochemical cycles

Front 23

How does biogeochemical cycles help food chains?

Back 23

if something cycles then it changes energy cycled through

Front 24

what is the purpose of the water cycle?

Back 24

all living systems need water

Front 25

What are some of the steps for the water cycle?

Back 25

evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitaion, runoff

Front 26

liquid changes to a gas

Back 26

evaporation

Front 27

gas cools and changes to a liquid

Back 27

condensation

Front 28

water particles become too large to remain in Earth's atmosphere then they fall to Earth

Back 28

precipitation

Front 29

water runs down mountain

Back 29

runoff

Front 30

water penatrates soil

Back 30

seepage

Front 31

plants opens a structure and releases water

Back 31

transpiration

Front 32

nurtrients cyle through this cycle

Back 32

nutrient cycle

Front 33

what is the purpose of the carbon cycle?

Back 33

to produce sugars

Front 34

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Back 34

6 CO2 + 6 H2O yields C6H12L6 + 6 O2

Front 35

what is the purpose of the nitrogen cycle?

Back 35

to produce proteins

Front 36

what are the steps of the nitrogen cycle?

Back 36

ammonification
nitrification
denitrification

Front 37

when a dead organism is decomposed by decomposers an ammonia is released into the soil

Back 37

ammonification

Front 38

NH3 is oxidized into NO2 or NO3

Back 38

nitrification

Front 39

nitrogen is released into the atmosphere

Back 39

denitrification

Front 40

how can nitrogen become stable to where we can use it

Back 40

lightening strikes
nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Front 41

what is the purpose of the phosphorus cycle?

Back 41

to make DNA and RNA