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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organic chemistry |
Chemistry of carbon containing compounds |
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Inorganic chemistry |
Chemistry of non-carbon-containing compounds |
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Hydrocarbon |
Contains only C and H atoms |
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Alkane |
All C to C bonds |
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Alkene |
At least one C to C double bond |
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Alkyne |
At least one C to C triple bond |
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Cyclic hydrocarbon |
Contains at least one ring of carbons |
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Saturated hydrocarbon |
Maximum number of H atoms i.e.,an alkane |
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon |
Less than maximum number of H atoms i.e., alkene/alkyne |
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Carbon main-chain (backbone) |
The longest continuous C chain in the molecule |
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Substituent/substituted groups |
Hydrocarbon's H replaced by atom/group of atoms |
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Methyl group |
-CH3 |
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Ethyl group |
-CH2-CH3 |
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Halo (bromo/chloro/fluoro/iodo) |
A halogen atom as substituted group |
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Structural isomers |
Same chemical formula but different structural formulas |
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Cis/trans isomer |
Same structural formula but different orientation across C=C |
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Condensed structural formula |
Abbreviation of structural formula; only groups of atoms shown and bonds are (usually) omitted |
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Functional group |
Gives a molecule its distinctive properties due to 1) an atom, or 2) a group of atoms, or 3) an arrangement of bonds |
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Alcohol |
a C-O-H group |
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Carboxylic (organic) acid |
a COOH group |
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Ether |
a C-O-C group |
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Ketone |
a C=C group, but NOT at either end of the molecule |
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Aldehyde |
a C=O group at either end of the molecule |
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Amide |
a - N - C - group (amine & carboxylic I II acid combined) H O |
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Amine |
a C-NH2 |
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Peptide bond |
The N-C bond in an amide |
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Ester |
a -COOC- group (alcohol nd carboxylic acid combined) |
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Benzene ring |
C6H6 (a resonance structure) |
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Aromatic compound |
Contains at least one benzene ring |
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Delocalized electrons |
Bonding electrons shared between MORE than 2 atoms |
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Petroleum |
The name for coal, oil, and natural gas |
