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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ribosomal RNA |
types of RNA that makes up the major part of the ribosomes |
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Transfer RNA |
type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
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Transcription |
process in which part of a nucleotide sequence of DNA is coiped into a complimentary sequence |
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RNA polymerase |
enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcriptions |
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Prometer |
region of DNA that indicates to an enzyme where to bind to make RNA |
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Intron |
sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for protein |
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Exon |
expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein |
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Codon |
three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid |
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Translation |
decoding of RNA message into a polypeptide chain |
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Anticodon |
group of three bases on a RNA molecule that are complimentary to a RNA condon |
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Transfermation |
process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene of genes from another strain of bacteria |
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Bacteriophage |
virus that infects bateria |
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Nucleotide |
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a -carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
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Base paring |
principle that bonds in DNA can only form between A and T/ C and G |
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Chromatin |
granular material visible within the nucleus: consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
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Histone |
protein molecule around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin |
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Replication |
copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA |
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DNA polymerase |
enzyme that is involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule |
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Gene |
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait |
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Messenger RNA |
RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids onto proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell |