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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Capsule |
Bacterial cell component that made Griffith's smooth bacteria more virulent. |
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Transposon |
A segment of DNA surrounded by inverted repeats that can move from place to place within the bacterial cell. |
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Electroporation |
Using electrical current to open up the bacterial cell wall to increase transformation. |
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Transduction |
The transfer of DNA into a bacterial cell that occurs from a viral infection |
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Prophage |
*Viral DNA Goes in and hides When the vital DNA has incorporated into the bacterial chromosome but no phage are actively being made |
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Hybridoma |
Fusion of a normal cell with cancer cell that increases production of a cell product. |
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Ligase |
The enzyme used during generic engineering to glue the foreign DNA into a bacterial plasmid |
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F' (prime) plasmid |
Small circular piece of DNA that was once part of the bacterial chromosome, and now has chromosomal DNA in it |
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Gene therapy |
The process of inserting a normal copy of a gene into a cell in order to cure a genetic disorder |
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Conjugation |
The uptake of DNA into one bacterium from another living bacterial cell in close proximity. *2 living cells |
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Fertility plasmid |
The generic information that allows a bacterium to build a conjugation pilus and transfer a copy of its DNA to it's neighbor |
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Restriction endonuclease |
An enzyme naturally found in Bactria that can cut a specific segment of DNA |
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Competent bacteria |
Cells that are able to easily take up DNA through transformation ( its surroundings) |
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Transformation |
The uptake of naked DNA from a bacterium's surroundings *1 living cell |
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Genetic engineering |
The manipulation of DNA in the laboratory to create a recombinant cell or organism |
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Protoplast |
A cell with its cell wall removed |
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Cloning |
The production of many identical copies of a cell or piece of DNA |
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Virulent phage |
viruses that lead to generalized transduction in bacteria ( kills bacteria on way out) |
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Recombinant vector |
A plasmid that is used to move another species DNA into a bacterial cell (2 piece of DNA stuck together with helper) |
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Vertical gene transfer |
Used by sexual reproducers to pass generic information onto the next generation of cells |
