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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Memory |
The process allows us to record ,store , and later retrieve experiences and information |
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Encoding |
Getting information into the system by translating it into a neural code that your brain processes |
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Storage |
Retaining information overtime |
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Retrieval |
Process is that access stores information |
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Sensory memory |
Briefly holds incoming sensory information |
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Short-term memory |
And memory store that temporarily holds a limited amount of information |
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Memory codes |
Mental representations of some type of information or stimulus |
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Chunking |
Combining individual items into larger units of meaning |
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Working memory |
A limited capacity system that temporarily stores and processes information |
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Long-term memory |
Our vast library of more durable stored memories |
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Serial position effect |
Meaning that the ability to recall item is influenced by the items position in a series |
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Levels of processing |
The more deeply process information the better we will remember it |
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Maintenance rehearsal |
Involved simple rote to repetition |
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Elaborative rehearsal |
Involves focusing on the meaning of information or expanding on it and someway |
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Mnemonic device |
A memory aid |
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Schema |
A mental framework, an organized thought about some aspect of the world |
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Associative network |
A massive network of associated ideas and concepts |
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Priming |
Refers to the activation of one concept by another |
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Flashbulb memories |
Recollections that seem so vivid that we should picture them as they were snapshots of moments in time |
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Encoding specificity principke |
States that memory is enhanced when conditions were present during retrieval match those that were present during encoding |
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Context dependent memory |
It typically is easier to remember something in the same environment in which it was originally encoded |
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State dependent memory |
Proposes that our ability to retrieve information is greater one hour in ternal state at the time of retrieval matches our original state during learning |
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Mood congruent |
We tend to recall information or events that are congruent with our current mood |
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Decay theory |
Which propose that with time and disuse the long-term physical memory trace in the nervous system fades away |
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Proactive interference |
Occurs when material learned in the past interferes with the recall of newer material |
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Retroactive interference |
Occurs when newly acquired information interferes with the ability to recall information learned at an earlier state |
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Repression |
A motivational process that protects us by blocking the conscious recall of anxiety arousing memories |
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Prospective memory |
Concerns remembering to perform an activity in the future |
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Neural network models |
It's memory is represented by unique pattern of interconnected and simultaneously activated nodes |
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Retrograde amnesia |
Represents memory loss for events that took place sometime in life before the onset of amnesia |
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Anterograde amnesia |
Refers to memory loss for events that occur after the initial onset of a amnesia |
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Dementia |
Refers to in their memory and other cognitive deficits that accompany brain degeneration and I nterfere with normal functioning |
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Alzheimer's disease |
Progressive brain disorder that is the most common cause of dementia among adults over the age of 65 |
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Misinformation effect |
The distortion of the memory by misleading postevent information |
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Source confusion |
Our tendency to recall something or recognize it as familiar but to forget where we encountered it |
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Memory consolidation |
The hypothetical and gradual binding process |
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Declarative memory |
Involves factual knowledge |
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Episodic memory |
Our store of knowledge concerning personal experiences |
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Semantic |
Presents general factual knowledge about the world language including a memory for words and concepts |
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Procedural memory |
Reflected in skills and actions |
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Explicit memory |
Involves conscious or intention memory retrieval as when you consciously recognize or recall something |
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Implicit memory |
Occurs when memory influences our behavior without conscious awareness |
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Retrieval cue |
A stimulus that activates information stored in long-term memory |
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Autobiographical memories |
Recollections of personally experienced events that make up the stories of our lives |
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Priming |
Refers to the activation of one concept by another |
|
Context dependent memory |
It typically is easier to remember something in the same environment in which it was originally encoded |
|
State dependent memory |
Proposes that our ability to retrieve information is greater one hour in ternal state at the time of retrieval matches our original state during learning |
|
Mood congruent |
We tend to recall information or events that are congruent with our current mood |
|
Decay theory |
Which propose that with time and disuse the long-term physical memory trace in the nervous system fades away |
|
Proactive interference |
Occurs when material learned in the past interferes with the recall of newer material |
|
Retroactive interference |
Occurs when newly acquired information interferes with the ability to recall information learned at an earlier state |
|
Repression |
A motivational process that protects us by blocking the conscious recall of anxiety arousing memories |
|
Prospective memory |
Concerns remembering to perform an activity in the future |
|
Neural network models |
It's memory is represented by unique pattern of interconnected and simultaneously activated nodes |
|
Retrograde amnesia |
Represents memory loss for events that took place sometime in life before the onset of amnesia |
|
Anterograde amnesia |
Refers to memory loss for events that occur after the initial onset of a amnesia |
|
Dementia |
Refers to in their memory and other cognitive deficits that accompany brain degeneration and I nterfere with normal functioning |
|
Alzheimer's disease |
Progressive brain disorder that is the most common cause of dementia among adults over the age of 65 |
|
Misinformation effect |
The distortion of the memory by misleading postevent information |
|
Source confusion |
Our tendency to recall something or recognize it as familiar but to forget where we encountered it |
|
Memory consolidation |
The hypothetical and gradual binding process |
|
Declarative memory |
Involves factual knowledge |
|
Episodic memory |
Our store of knowledge concerning personal experiences |
|
Semantic |
Presents general factual knowledge about the world language including a memory for words and concepts |
|
Procedural memory |
Reflected in skills and actions |
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Explicit memory |
Involves conscious or intention memory retrieval as when you consciously recognize or recall something |
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Implicit memory |
Occurs when memory influences our behavior without conscious awareness |
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Retrieval cue |
A stimulus that activates information stored in long-term memory |
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Autobiographical memories |
Recollections of personally experienced events that make up the stories of our lives |