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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Cell theory |
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Cell theory |
All organisms consist of one or more cells, which are the basic unit of life; all cells come from a division of preexisting cells; and all cells pass hereditary material to offspring. |
Four parts |
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Cytoplasm |
Semifluid substance enclosed by a cell's plasma membrane |
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Nucleus |
Of a eukaryotic cell, organelles with double membrane that hold the cell's DNA. |
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Organelle |
Structure that carries out a specialized metabolic function inside a cell. |
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Plasma membrane |
A cell's outermost membrane |
Far out, man. |
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Surface to volume ratio |
A relationship in which the volume an object increases with the cube of the diameter, and the surface area increases with the square. |
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Plasma membrane, cytoplasm and DNA. |
all cells start life with these three components. |
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Purpose of plasma membrane |
1. Separate cells external environment from its internal one. 2. Allows some substances but not others, to cross it |
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The foundation of almost all cell membranes |
Lipid bilayer |
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Protein that helps cells stick together in animal tissues |
Adhesion protein |
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Model of a cell membrane as a two dimensional fluid of mixed composition |
Fluid mosaic |
It's a work of ART |
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Membrane protein that triggers a change in cell activity after binding to a particular substance |
Receptor protein |
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Plasma membrane protein that identifies a cell as belonging to self (ones own body or species) |
Recognition protein |
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Protein that passively or actively assists specific ions or molecules across a membrane |
Transport protein |
The "Jason Statham" protein |
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________embedded in or attached to a lipid bilayer add specific functions to each type of cell membrane. |
Proteins |
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Community of microorganisms living within a shared mass of secreted slime. |
Biofilm |
Not to be mistaken with a movie about someone's life. |
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Cell wall |
Rigid but permeable structure that surrounds the plasma membrane of some cells. |
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Found on bacteria and archaea; long, slender, cellular structure used for motility. |
Flagellum |
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Nucleoid |
Of a bacterium or archaeon, region of cytoplasm where the DNA is concentrated. |
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Pilus |
A protein filament that projects from the surface of some prokaryotic cells. Used to attach to surfaces |
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Small circle of DNA in some bacteria and archaea. |
Plasmid |
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Organelle responsible for protein synthesis. |
Ribosome |
Protein factories |
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A double membrane that constitutes the outer boundary of the nucleus. Pores within the membrane control which substance can cross. |
Nuclear envelope |
You can't send your mail in this!! |
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Nucleolus |
In a cell nucleus, a dense irregular shaped region where ribosomal subunits are assembled. |
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Viscous fluid enclosed by the nuclear envelope |
Nucleoplasm |
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Identify the components of the cell nucleus |
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Fluid filled vesicle in many plant cells |
Central vacuole |
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Series of interacting organelles (rough and smooth ER, golgi bodies and vesicles) between nucleus and plasma membrane; produces lipids and proteins. |
Endomembrane system |
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Organelle that is a continuous system of sacs and rubes extending from the nuclear envelope. Smooth ER makes lipids and breaks down carbohydrates and fatty acids; ribosomes on the surface of the rough ER synthesize proteins. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
It's what ER stands for |
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Organelle that modifies proteins and lipids, then packages the finished product into vesicles. |
Golgi body |
It's not a berry |
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Double-membraned organelle that produces ATP by aerobic respiration in eukaryotes. |
Mitochondrian (pl. Mitochondria) |
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Organelle of photosynthesis in the cells of plants and photosynthetic protists. |
Chloroplast |
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One of several types of double- membraned organelles in plants and algal cells |
Plastid |
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Chromoplast |
Type of plastid. Related to chloroplast. Make and store pigment other than chlorophyll. Interconvertible with chloroplasts. |
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Amyloplast |
Unpigmented plastids. Make and store starch grains. Related and interconvertible with chloroplasts. |
Name the functions |
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Organelle that develops from a centriole. |
Basal Body |
This is not for cooking |
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Mesh of cytoskeletal elements under a plasma membrane |
Cell Cortex |
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Barrel shaped organelle from which microtubules grow |
Centriole |
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Short, moveable structure that projects from the plasma membrane of some eukaryotic cells |
Cilia |
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Network of interconnected protein filaments that support, organize, and move eukaryotic cells and their parts. |
Cytoskeleton |
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Most stable cytoskeletal that structurally supports cell membranes and tissues. Made of different protein subunits. |
Intermediate Filament |
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Cytoskeletal element that is a fiber of actin subunits. Reinforces cell membranes; functions in muscle contractions. |
Microfilament |
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Cytoskeletal element involved in movement; hollow filament of tubulin subunits. |
Microtubule |
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Type of energy using protein that interacts with cytoskeletal elements to move the cells parts or the whole cell. |
Motor Protein |
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A temporary protrusion that helps some eukaryotic cells move and engulf prey. |
Pseudopod |
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Cell junction composed of adhesion proteins that connect to cytoskeletal elements. Fastens cells to each other and basement membrane. |
Adhering junction |
Found in contractile tissues |
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Structure that connects a cell to another cell or to extracellular matrix. |
Cell Junction |
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Secreted covering at a body surface |
Cuticle |
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Complex mixture of cell secretions; it's composition and function vary by cell type. |
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) |
No its not electronic dance music! |
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Cell junction that forms a closable channel across the plasma membranes of adjoining animal cells. When open, they allow water, ions and small molecules to pass from one cytoplasm of a cell to another. |
Gap Junctions |
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Material that strengthens cell walls of vascular plants. |
Lignan |
Makes up as much as 25% of the secondary wall of cells in older stems and roots. |
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Cell junctions that form an open channel between the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells. |
Plasmodesmata |
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The first cell wall of young plant cells |
Primary wall |
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Lignan-reinforced wall that forms inside the primary wall of a plant cell |
Secondary Wall |
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Arrays of adhesion proteins that join epithelial (outer surface) cells and collectively preventing fluids from leaking between them. |
Tight Junctions |
This is why a stomach lining is leak proof. |
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Use visible light to illuminate microscopic samples. Light passes through or bounces off a specimen and magnifies it. Effective magnification up to 2000X |
Light Microscope |
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Uses an electron beam to illuminate a specimen and produce a magnified image. Magnification power of 200,000X to 500,000X |
Electron Microscope |
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Electron beam hits only the surface of the cell and shows specimens surface in detail |
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) |
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Electron beam travels through a specimen to show the inner details. |
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) |
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