Ch. 33 Dental Cements, Bases, Liners, & Bonding Agents

Front 1

What does the dental team do to stay up to date on the constant changes and new products?

Back 1

CE Continued Education through seminars, conferences, & magazines.

Front 2

What does the chair side dental assistant usually do with the restorative materials?

Back 2

Prepares and mixes them while the dentist puts them in the oral cavity.

Front 3

Why is knowledge of the dental properties of the restorative materials necessary for the dental assistant?

Back 3

So they can properly prepare and manipulate thems

Front 4

What is viewed both in terms of its effect on a given material and on tissues in the mouth?

Back 4

Acidity

Front 5

What is the normal pH level in the oral cavity?

Back 5

7.0

Front 6

What aids in reducing the acidity of the mouth?

Back 6

Saliva

Front 7

What is the force of attraction that holds unlike substances together?

Back 7

Adhesion

Front 8

_____ type of adhesion is quite strong and preferable, but ______adhesion is more common.

Back 8

Chemical, physical

Front 9

What is the average biting force of a personal with natural dentition?

Back 9

130-170lbs.

Front 10

What is defined as any push or pull on an object?

Back 10

Force

Front 11

This is the result of force on an object.

Back 11

Resistance

Front 12

______ is the reaction of the object to resist the external force.

Back 12

Stress

Front 13

What are the three types of stress & strain?

Back 13

Tensile, compressive, & shearing.

Front 14

What does tensile stress & strain do? What is an example?

Back 14

Pulls & stretches. A rubber band pulled in opposite directions like in orthodontics.

Front 15

What does compressive stress & strain do? What is an example?

Back 15

Pushes or compresses a material. Chewing or biting.

Front 16

What stress or strain does shearing do and what is an example?

Back 16

Slides one part of a material parallel to another part in a back and forth motion. Grinding of teeth.

Front 17

What is the result of chemical or electrochemical attacks of the oral environment on pure metal?

Back 17

Corrosion

Front 18

This material is used for study models.

Back 18

Alginate

Front 19

An example of shearing stress and strain is called ______ or grinding of teeth.

Back 19

Bruxism

Front 20

Which is not a type of stress and strain?
1. Tensile
2. Dimensional
3. Compressive
4. Shearing

Back 20

2. Dimensional

Front 21

The ability of a material to withstand compressive stresses without fracturing is known as what?

Back 21

Malleability

Front 22

_____ is the physical property of being capable of distortion or deformation by an applied force, and then returning to the original shape once the force is removed.

Back 22

Elasticity

Front 23

_____, or creep and slump, is continuous deformation of a solid.

Back 23

Flow

Hint 23

An example material would be dental waxes or certain impression materials.

Front 24

Change in a dental material may result from various causes. All of the following are causes of dimensional change except:

1. Tarnish
2. Setting process
3. Exposure to cold
4. Exposure to heat

Back 24

A. Tarnish

Front 25

The seeping of saliva and debris from the oral cavity between the tooth structure and the restorative materials is called what?

Back 25

Microleakage

Front 26

_____ is the ability of a material to transmit heat.

Back 26

Thermal conductivity

Front 27

What property may make a dental material useful as a base or liner where it is not exposed to the oral fluids?

Back 27

Solubility

Front 28

In dentistry, materials that are placed directly in the cavity preparation (direct restorative materials) are kept in place by what?

Back 28

Mechanical retention

Front 29

The thicker the material, the less it flows; therefore, it is said to be more _____ than a thin material that flows easily.

Back 29

Viscous

Front 30

What is the ability of a material to flow over a surface called?

Back 30

Wettability

Front 31

Dental cements are mixed to a precise ration. Zinc phosphate cement has reached what stage when the material follows the spatula about 1 inch above the mixing slab?

Back 31

Luting

Front 32

What is placed as a thin layer on the walls and floor of the cavity preparation to protect the pulp from bacteria and irritants?

Back 32

Liner

Front 33

Bases are applied between the tooth and the restoration to protect the pulp. However, bases will not protect the pulp from what?

Back 33

Sedation of the pulp itself

Front 34

What is one of the oldest cements, which comes in a powder/liquid form and is a luting and base cement?

Back 34

Zinc phosphate

Front 35

What is the chemical reaction called when the zinc phosphate powder and liquid are mixed and the heat is released?

Back 35

Exothermic

Front 36

Glass ionomer materials come with what?

Back 36

A solvent

Front 37

Bonding agents bond to all of the following except what?

1. Varnish
2. Enamel
3. Dentin
4. Porcelain

Back 37

1. Varnish

Front 38

What is the cement that is said to be "kind" to the pulp and was the first cement that could chemically bond to the tooth structure?

Back 38

Polycarboxylate

Front 39

Adhesion of dental materials to enamel is accomplished by what?

Back 39

Acid etching

Front 40

What layer of debris prevents contact between intact dentin and the bonding agent/adhesive?

Back 40

Smear layer

Front 41

This angle is formed by the junction of the wall of the preparation and the untouched surface of the tooth.

Back 41

Cavosurface margin

Front 42

Trituration is the _____ means of combining dental alloy and mercury.

Back 42

Mechanical

Front 43

What material dominates the field of aesthetic restorations?

Back 43

Composite

Front 44

What materials prepare the teeth for the restoration?

Back 44

Bases, bonding agents, & cements

Front 45

What type of dental cement cures by a chemical reaction between two materials?

Back 45

Self-curing

Front 46

What material is used with endodontic spots?

Back 46

Self-curing

Front 47

What is used to condense the base into place on the floor of the cavity?

Back 47

Plastic filling

Front 48

What elements are used to evaluate base placement?

Back 48

Cover floor of cavity prep, leave enough room for restoration, should not be on pins, & should not be in retentive grooves.

Front 49

How many seconds does the cavity varnish dry on the dentin before placing a second layer?

Back 49

30

Front 50

Where is the cavity liner placed for cavity prep?

Back 50

Deepest portion

Front 51

What is the reaction of the object to resist external force called?

Back 51

Stress

Front 52

What cement when mixed exhibits an exothermic reaction?

Back 52

Zinc phosphate

Front 53

Luting cement that has reached the correct consistency ______.

A. is granular
B. is of a putty consistency
C. follows the spatula up an inch off the mixing pad.
D. forms a ball.

Back 53

C. follows the spatula up an inch off of the mixing pad.

Front 54

What are the two types of retention?

Back 54

Mechanical and chemical

Front 55

What 3 ways are dental cements set or cured?

Back 55

Self-curing, light-curing, or dual-curing.

Front 56

What is the only way zinc oxide eugenol not used?

Back 56

Permanent restoration

Front 57

What cement has many uses including as permanent cement, pit and fissure sealant, restorative material, & liner and bonding agents?

Back 57

Glass ionomer

Front 58

What is used as a low strength base or liner, and is slightly irritating, which stimulates secondary dentin to form?

Back 58

Calcium hydroxide

Front 59

What material is used to improve retention between the tooth structure and the restoration?

Back 59

Bonding agents

Front 60

What is an example of physical adhesion?

Back 60

Dental plaque adhering to the tooth.

Front 61

Name the three types of stress and strain.

Back 61

Tensile, compressive, and shearing.

Front 62

What is it called when two different metals are present in the mouth and there is a potential for the creation of small electrical shocks?

Back 62

Galvanism

Front 63

What is known as a material's resistance to scratch or indent?

Back 63

Hardness

Front 64

This means in dentistry as one means by which materials are held in place.

Back 64

Retention

Front 65

What are the two types of retention?

Back 65

Mechanical & chemical retention.

Hint 65

One includes preparing the walls of the cavity prep to be convergent (slated in), by rou

Front 66

This is the process by which materials adhere firmly or hold together.

Back 66

Bonding.

Front 67

In dentistry, _______ _______ are used to bond the dentin & enamel with restorative materials.

Back 67

Bonding agents

Front 68

When a material dissolves in fluid it is said to be what?

Back 68

Soluble

Front 69

A material that is soluble may be useful for what two things?

Back 69

Base or liner under a restorative material.

Front 70

______ of a material is the ability of liquid to flow.

Back 70

Viscosity

Front 71

What does DP mean?

Back 71

Dentist's Preference

Front 72

Dental materials used to restore teeth can be divided into two sections:

Back 72

1. Liners, bases, cements, & bonding agents-materials to prepare for the restorative materials.

2. Amalgam, composite, & glass ionomer restorative materials.

Front 73

______ means bonding or cementing together.

Back 73

Luting

Front 74

This is the term used to describe long-term cementing agent.

Back 74

Permanent luting cement

Front 75

What is the term for short-term cementing agent?

Back 75

Temporary luting cement

Front 76

This material lasts for 6 months to a year.

Back 76

Intermediate luting cement

Front 77

This is applied in a putty or thick layer between the tooth and restoration to protect the pulp from chemical irritation, temperature changes, electrical protection, and mechanical injury.

Back 77

Base

Front 78

IRM stands for what?

Back 78

Intermediate restorative material

Front 79

The sedative or ______ material may relieve pain but does not cure the problem.

Back 79

Palliative

Front 80

This is a thin layer of material that is placed to seal the walls and floor of the cavity prep.

Back 80

Varnish

Front 81

Varnish goes on what restoration only?

Back 81

Amalgams

Front 82

This other type of varnish goes under amalgam.

Back 82

Copal varnish

Front 83

What cement is acidic?

Back 83

Zinc Phosphate

Hint 83

Rick Zink-bitter

Front 84

Is Reinforced Zinc Oxide Eugenol temporary or permanent cement?

Back 84

Permanenet

Front 85

Can ZOE be used under composites or acrylic restorations?

Back 85

No, they are not compatible.

Front 86

Is ZOE a temporary or permanent cement?

Back 86

Temporary. Lasts 6mo-1yr.

Front 87

What is one of the main reasons ZOE is used because of it's affect on the pulp?

Back 87

It's sedative or soothing affect.

Front 88

What is varnish used for?

Back 88

Liner

Front 89

What does copal varnish go under?

Back 89

Amalgam

Front 90

What is the brand Di-Cal made from and what is it used for?

Back 90

Calcium Hydroxide and it's used for a base or liner because of it's therapeutic effect on the pulp.

Hint 90

Di Cal, oh yeah!

Front 91

Name 5 basic characteristics of ZOE:

Back 91

Temporary (6mo-1yr), base, soothing, never used under composit, 3-5 mins.

Hint 91

temp/perm, base/liner,harsh/non-harsh, can/can't be used under this, time to set up

Front 92

Name 4 basic characteristics of Zinc Phosphate:

Back 92

Permanent, acidic, base or liner, 5-9 mins.

Hint 92

Temp/perm, harsh/non-harsh, can/can't be used under, set up time

Front 93

Name 2 basic characteeristic of Reinforced ZOE:

Back 93

Permanent, base.

Hint 93

Research more on RZOE

Front 94

Name 4 basic characteristics of Polycarboxylate:

Back 94

Permanent, base, "kind", 3-5 mins.

Hint 94

Temp/Perm, base/liner, sweet polly, set up time.

Front 95

Name the 4 characteristics of Glass Ionomer:

Back 95

Permanent, base & liner, 24 hour set up.

Hint 95

Temp/Perm, base/liner, set up time.

Front 96

Name the characteristics of Calcium Hydroxide:

Back 96

Brand Di-Cal, liner, therapeutic affect, 2-7 mins.

Hint 96

A brand name, base/liner, affect, set up time.

Front 97

Name the characteristics of Varnish:

Back 97

Liner only

Front 98

Copal Varnish contains organic solvents and is only used under what type of restorations?

Back 98

Metal

Front 99

Varnishes help reduce what?

Back 99

Leakage

Front 100

Name the 3 basic characteristics of Resin Cement:

Back 100

Permanent, 3 types of curing, Brand ReLiX

Front 101

What are the 3 types of curings for resin cements?

Back 101

Self, light, & dual.

Front 102

Is Resin-Reinforced Glass Ionomer a base or a liner?

Back 102

Liner

Front 103

Compomers are used for what types of dental restorations.

Back 103

All types. Light or self cured.