Ch. 3 Anatomy Quiz

Front 1

What are the three principal parts of the cell?

Back 1

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Plasa Membrane

Front 2

What is the term for programmed cell death?

Back 2

Aptoptosis

Front 3

What is the term for cell death resulting for tissue injury?

Back 3

Necrosis

Front 4

The fluid portion of the cytoplasm is the?

Back 4

cytosol

Front 5

What are the 3 causes of cellular aging?

Back 5

Free radicals formation
Cross-link formation between glucose & proteins
Shortening and loss of protective telomeres on chromosomes

Front 6

T/F
Duplicated chromosomes held together by centromeres are called chromatids.

Back 6

True

Front 7

The sodium pump is an example of promary active transport?

Back 7

True

Front 8

The basic structural unit of the plasma membrane is the?

Back 8

Lipid bilayer

Front 9

Integral proteins can function in the cell membrane in all the following ways

Back 9

Channel
Transporter
Teceptor
Cell-identity marker

Front 10

Integral proteins can function in the cell membrane as an exocytosis vesicle. T/F

Back 10

False

Front 11

What 5 factors influence the diffusion rate of substances through a plasma membrane?

Back 11

Concentration gradient
Diffusion distance
Surface area
Size of diffusions substance
Temperature

Front 12

A cell would lose water volume and shrink if placed in a hypertonic solution. T/F

Back 12

True

Front 13

Define Hypertonic

Back 13

Solution that causes cells to shrink due to loss of water by osmosis

Front 14

T/F
Nucleoli within the nucleus are the sites of ribosome synthesis

Back 14

True

Front 15

T?F
Most of the cell's hereditary units, called genes, are located within the nucleus

Back 15

True

Front 16

In nondividing cells, DNA is found in the nucleus in the form of chromatin

Back 16

True

Front 17

Define Mitosis

Back 17

Somatic cell division resulting in identical daughter cells

Front 18

Define Meiosis

Back 18

Reproductive cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half

Front 19

Define Prophase

Back 19

Stage when chromatin fibers condense and shorten to form chromosomes

Front 20

Define Metaphase

Back 20

Stage when centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at the center of the mitotic spindle

Front 21

Define Anaphase

Back 21

Stage when centromeres split and sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell

Front 22

Define Telophase

Back 22

Stage when chromosomes uncoil and revert to chromatin

Front 23

Define Cytokinesis

Back 23

Cytoplasmic division

Front 24

Define Interphase

Back 24

Stage of cell division when replication of DNA occurs

Front 25

Define Codon

Back 25

A transcribed sequence of three RNA nucleotides

Front 26

Define RNA polymerase

Back 26

enzyme that catalizes transcription of DNA

Front 27

Define Intron

Back 27

DNA region that does not code for synthesis of a part of a protein

Front 28

Define Exon

Back 28

DNA region that codes for synthesis of a part of a protein

Front 29

Define Transcription

Back 29

The copying of the DNA message onto messenger RNA

Front 30

Define translation

Back 30

Reading of messenger RNA for protein synthesis

Front 31

Define messenger RNA

Back 31

Directs synthesis of a protein

Front 32

Define Transfer RNA

Back 32

Binds to amino acids and holds them in place on a ribosome to be incorporated into a protein

Front 33

Define Ribosomal RNA

Back 33

Joins with ribosomal proteins to make ribosomes

Front 34

Define snRNP

Back 34

Enzyme that removes all introns and joins remaining exons

Front 35

Define Promotor

Back 35

Nucleotide sequence, located near the beginning of a gene, that indicates where transcription begins; RNA polymerase attachment site

Front 36

Define Terminator

Back 36

Nucleotide sequence near the end of a gene that indicates where transcription ends; releases RNA polymerase