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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When considering homologous chromosomes, which analogy best models the relationship exhibited by a maternal and fraternal pair of chromosomes? |
A pair of shoes. |
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A(n) ________ is an alternative version of a trait. |
Allele |
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The ________ is an individual's outward appearance, while the ________ is an individual's genetic makeup. |
Phenotype; Genotype |
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How is it possible that an offspring could inherit traits from both of the mother's parents on the same chromosome? |
Crossing over can create recombinant chromosomes. |
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When two people heterozygous for a trait produce a child, what is the probability that their child will be homozygous recessive for that trait? |
25% |
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Of the various types of fetal testing, which is the most invasive? |
Amniocentesis |
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During meiosis I, maternal and paternal chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter nuclei. This is called________. |
Independent assortment |
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A ________ traces a genetic trait through several generations and helps predict the genotype of a future generation. |
Pedigree |
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Characteristics that have a continuous phenotypic trait are due to ________ inheritance. |
Polygene |
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Matched genes on the same location on homologous chromosomes are ________. |
Alleles |
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The probability of a heterozygote child from an Rr father and rr mother is ________. |
1/2 |
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What are the two major avenues for identifying carriers of a recessive disorder? |
Pedigrees and blood tests |
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Crossing over occurs in ________ and independent assortment occurs in ________. |
Prophase I; Metaphase I |
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________ is transmitted to the offspring almost exclusively by the mother. |
mtDNA |
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The ABO blood group inheritance is an example of ________. |
Both B and C |
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What is the complete diploid chromosomal complement displayed in the homologous pairs? |
Karyotype |
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Human skin color, height, and intelligence are inherited by ________. |
Polygene Inheritance |
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Mitochondrial DNA is inherited ________. |
From the mother |
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The term ________ refers to a person's genetic makeup. |
Genotype |
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________ are environmentally produced phenotypes that mimic conditions that may be caused by mutations. |
Phenocopies |
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When a heterozygous individual expresses a phenotype intermediate between the dominant and recessive phenotype, this is called ________. |
Incomplete dominance |
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How many pairs of autosomes are present in human cells? |
22 |
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In ________, the heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate between the homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive forms. |
Incomplete dominance |
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What is a fetal test in which a wide-bore needle is inserted into the amniotic sac? |
Amniocentesis |
