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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 functions of histamine
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allergic and inflammatory rxns
gastric acid secretion neurotransmitter chemotaxis |
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How does histamine effect the nervous system?
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Stimulates nerve ending ->pain, itching
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What does histamine do to blood vessels?
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Vasodilates
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What is includes in the "triple response" of histamine
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Localized red spot
Flush/flare Wheal |
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Histamine binding to H1 receptors causes what?
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bronchoconstriction
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Histamine binding to H2 receptors causes what?
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stimualtion of gastric parietal cells
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What is the antagonist to histamine?
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Epi
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What 2 drugs are know as mast cell stabilizers and inhibit histamine release?
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Cromolyn
Nedocromil |
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What effects do H1 antagonists have?
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sedation
antinausea antiemetic |
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4 H1 antagonists (Antihistamines) used for motion sickness
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Dimenhydrinate
Diphenhydramine Cyclizine Meclizine |
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2 H1 antagonists (antihistamines) used as sleep aids
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Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine |
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H1 antagonist (antihistamine) frequently found in cold medication
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chlorpheniramine
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4 H2 receptor blocker used to decrease gastric acid secretion
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Cimetidine
Ranitidine Famotidine Nizatidine |
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What breaks down Serotonin (5HT)?
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MAO
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What effects does serotonin (5HT) have on the nervous system?
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Stimulates vomitting center
Stimulates pain and itch |
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What are the GI effects of serotonin(5HT)?
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Increase tone and peristalsis
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Where does serotonin (5HT) vasodialte?
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Heart
Skeletal muscle |
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Why are serotonin agonists(eg triptans) useful for migraines?
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They vasocontrict the blood vessels
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4 5HT receptor antagonists used an antiemetics?
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Ondansetron
Granisetron Dolasetron Palonosetron |
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Term used for too much egot alkaloids
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Ergotism
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Symptoms of Ergotism
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Dementia
Hallucination Vasospasm->gangrene Stim. uterine sm->abortion |
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What are ergots used for clinically?
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Migraines
Postpartum hemorrhage Prolonged powerful uterine contractions |
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Adverse effects of Ergot Alkaloids?
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NVD
Vasospasm->gangrene |
