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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Identify and draw the different structures of an atom |
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Explain the properties of isotopes and their biological uses |
Isotopes are forms of the same element (all have same number of protons) whose atoms differ by their number of neutrons. |
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Explain how to interpret the pH scale using example of common household substances |
pH measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
a acid is a molecule or other entity that can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions.
base is a substance that, in aqueous solution, is slippery to the touch, tastes bitter, changes the colour of indicators (e.g., turns red litmus paper blue), reacts with acids to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions |
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Explain waters unique properties |
Water has an unusual ability to dissolve other substances. |
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List the 6 main elements found in all living things |
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous |
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Describe carbons role in organic molecules with regards to versatility |
it has four bonds and can form an extremely wide range of compounds and molecular structures. |
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List the 4 macromolecules recognize their structures, describe their functions, and give examples of each |
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Describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated lipids. |
Unsaturated lipids have a double bond between carbons that reduces the number of bonded H and causes a bend in the fatty acid chain. Saturated lipids have no double bonds. |
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Describe how dehydration and hydrolysis reactions make and break polymers |
when you use dehydration synthesis, you are building something up while taking water out. In carbohydrates, an H from one carbohydrate and an OH from another are taken out. They form water. The two carbohydrates are then joine together by a bond called a glycosidic linkage. Hydrolysis is simply the reverse of dehydration synthesis. You add water to a molecule to break it down. |
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Describe the parts of an enzyme, the mechanism for how it works and the factors that cause it to denature. What affects enzymes |
When a molecule of the right chemical for that enzyme comes along it will fit exactly into the shape. The area of particular shape is called the active site of the enzyme, as that is where the reaction takes place
High enough temperatures will cause the enzyme to denature and have its structure start to break up |
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Distinguish between endothermic and exothermic reactions. |
Endothermic: Needs heat to perform reaction |
