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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
parturition |
the act or process of giving birth |
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electronic fetal monitoring |
mechanical monitoring of fetal heartbeat during labor and delivery |
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cesarean delivery |
delivery of a baby by surgical removal from the uterus |
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natural childbirth |
method of childbirth that seeks to prevent pain by eliminating the mothers fear through education about the physiology of reproduction and training in breathing and relaxation during delivery |
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prepared childbirth |
method of childbirth that used instruction, breathing exercises, and social support to induce controlled physical responses to uterine contractions and reduce fear and pain |
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doula |
an experienced mentor who furnishes emotional support and information for a woman during labor |
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neonatal period |
first 4 weeks of life, a time to transition from intrauterine dependency to independent existence |
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neonate |
newborn baby, up to 4 weeks old |
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anoxia |
lack of oxygen, which may cause brain damage |
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neonatal jaundice |
condition in many newborn babies, caused by immaturity of liver and evidence by yellowish appearance can cause brain damage if not treated promptly |
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Brazenly on Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) |
neurological and behavioral test to measure neonates responses to the environment |
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state of arousal |
an infants physiological and behavioral status at a given moment in the periodic daily cycle of wakefulness, sleep, and activity |
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Apgar scale |
standard measurement of a newborns condition. it assesses appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration |
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low birth weight babies |
weight of less than 5&1/2 pounds at birth because of prematurity or being small-for-date |
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preterm (premature) infants |
infants born before completing the 37th week of gestation |
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small-for-date (small-for gestational-age) infants |
infants whose birth weight is less than that of 90 percent of babies of the same gestational age, as a result of slow fetal growth |
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kangaroo care |
method of skin-to-skin contact in which a newborn is laid face down between the mothers breasts for an hour or so at a time after birth |
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protective factors |
influences that reduce the impact of potentially negative influences and tend to predict positive outcomes |
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postmature |
a fetus not yet born as of 2 weeks after the due date or 42 weeks after the mothers last menstrual period |
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stillbirth |
death of a fetus at or after the 20th week of gestation |
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Infant mortality rate |
proportion of babies born alive who die within the 1st year |
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sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) |
sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant |
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cephalocaudal principle |
principle that development proceeds in a head-to-tail direction that is that upper parts of the body develop before lower parts of the trunk |
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proximodistal principle |
principle that development proceeds from within to without, that is, that parts of the body near the center develop before the extremities |
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lateralization |
tendency of each of the brains hemispheres to have specialized functions |
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neurons |
nerve cells |
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integration |
process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups |
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differentiation |
process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions |
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cell death |
in brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient function |
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myelination |
process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells |
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reflex behaviors |
automatic involuntary innate responses to stimulation |
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plasticity |
modifiability or 'molding' of the brain through experience |
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neurons |
nerve cells |
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integration |
process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups |
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differentiation |
process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions |
|
cell death |
in brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient function |
|
myelination |
process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells |
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reflex behaviors |
automatic involuntary innate responses to stimulation |
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plasticity |
modifiability or 'molding' of the brain through experience |
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systems of action |
increasingly complex combinations of motor skills which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment |
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neurons |
nerve cells |
|
integration |
process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups |
|
differentiation |
process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions |
|
cell death |
in brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient function |
|
myelination |
process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells |
|
reflex behaviors |
automatic involuntary innate responses to stimulation |
|
plasticity |
modifiability or 'molding' of the brain through experience |
|
systems of action |
increasingly complex combinations of motor skills which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment |
|
Denver Developmental screening test |
screening test given to children 1 month to 6 years old to determine whether they are developing normally |
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neurons |
nerve cells |
|
integration |
process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups |
|
differentiation |
process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions |
|
cell death |
in brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient function |
|
myelination |
process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells |
|
reflex behaviors |
automatic involuntary innate responses to stimulation |
|
plasticity |
modifiability or 'molding' of the brain through experience |
|
systems of action |
increasingly complex combinations of motor skills which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment |
|
Denver Developmental screening test |
screening test given to children 1 month to 6 years old to determine whether they are developing normally |
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gross motor skills |
physical skills that involve the large muscles |
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neurons |
nerve cells |
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fine motor skills |
physical skills that involve small muscles and eye-hand coordination |
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integration |
process by which neurons coordinate the activities of muscle groups |
|
differentiation |
process by which cells acquire specialized structures and functions |
|
cell death |
in brain development, normal elimination of excess brain cells to achieve more efficient function |
|
myelination |
process of coating neural pathways with a fatty substance called myelin, which enables faster communication between cells |
|
reflex behaviors |
automatic involuntary innate responses to stimulation |
|
plasticity |
modifiability or 'molding' of the brain through experience |
|
systems of action |
increasingly complex combinations of motor skills which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment |
|
Denver Developmental screening test |
screening test given to children 1 month to 6 years old to determine whether they are developing normally |
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gross motor skills |
physical skills that involve the large muscles |
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visual guidance |
use of the eyes to guide movement of the hands or other parts of the body |
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visual guidance |
use of the eyes to guide movement of the hands or other parts of the body |
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depth perception |
ability to perceive objects and surfaces three-dementionally |
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visual guidance |
use of the eyes to guide movement of the hands or other parts of the body |
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depth perception |
ability to perceive objects and surfaces three-dementionally |
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haptic perception |
ability to acquire information about properties of objects such as size weight and texture by handling them |
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visual cliff |
apparatus designed to give an illusion of depth and use to assess depth perception in infants |
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visual cliff |
apparatus designed to give an illusion of depth and use to assess depth perception in infants |
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ecological theory of perception |
theory developed by Eleanor and James Gibson which describes developing motor and perceptual abilities as interdependent parts of a functional system that guides behavior in varying contexts |
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dynamic systems theory |
Eager Thelens theory which holds that motor development is a dynamic process of active coordination of multiple systems within that infant in relation to the environment |