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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hemodynamics |
all forces involved in circulation blood |
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angeogenisis |
growth new vessels; Folkman; tumor TAF protein |
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tunica intima |
endothelium; lines all vessels |
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lumen |
central blood containing space
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tunica media |
smooth muscle, elastin; vasodial and constrict |
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tunica externa |
collagen protect and reinforce |
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elastic arteries |
conducting; closest to heart; d= 1.5cm |
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muscular arteries |
distribution (to organs); distal elastic; d= 6.0 |
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arterioles |
resistance vessels; minute-to-minute blood flow capillaries; d= 37um |
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capillaries |
exchange vessels, microcirculation; d= 9um all tissue except cartilage, epithelia, cornea, lens |
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continuous capillaries |
most common (skin, muscles); fluids and small solutes; intercell clefts |
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fenestrated capillaries |
kidneys, small intestines (b/c absorbtion and filtration); fluids, small solutes; fenestrated pores, intercell cleft |
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sinusoid capillaries |
liver, spleen, bone marrow; incomplete basement membrane, fenestrations, clefts; large molecules and blood cells |
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vascular shunt |
direct connection (metarterioles--> thoroughfair channels) |
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true capillaries |
actual exchange vessel, branches (10-100) |
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precapillary sphincters |
surround root each true cap at metarteriole; acts as valve |
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vasomotion |
slow/intermittent blood flow through caps reflect on/off pre-cap sphinctors |
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bulk flow |
20L/day filter/forced out capillaries 17L/day return |
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hydrostatic pressure (HP) |
force (direct and amount) exerted by fluid against wall
capillaries: art end: 35 mmHg ven end: 17 mmHg |
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colloid osmotic pressure (aka Oncotic pressure) |
created when large molecules pull water towards self
OCc(capillaries)= 26 mmHg OCif= 0.1-5 mmHg
overpowers HP at venous end so fluid returned |
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Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) |
all forces exerted on capillary bed
NFP=(HPc-HPif) - (OCc-OCif)
(HP= hydrostatic pressure) (OC= oncotic pressure) |
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5 Factors Aiding Venus Return |
1. respiratory pump 2. muscular pump (most important) 3. vasoconstriction 4. valves 5. wider lumen
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anastomoses |
alternative routes |
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Blood distribution |
systemic veins/venules: 60% systemic arteries/arterioles: 15% pulm vessels: 12% heart: 8% cap: 5% |
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Blood Pressure (BP or P) |
force/ area exerted wall blood vessel by blood (system arterial pressure)
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Blood Flow (F) |
volume blood/time
F = change P/ resistance |
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Resistance (PR) |
resistance= 1/(radius^4)
sources: diameter, blood viscosity, vessel length
arterioles major determiner |
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vein and venule |
vein d= 5mm venules d= 20um
capacitance vessels; little elastic tissue |
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pericytes |
assist structure/brace capillaries |
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shock |
blood volume normal, vessels not filled enough |
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hypovolemic shock |
result blood loss; thready pulse |
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cardiogenic shock |
heart insufficeint; blood vol normal
result heart attack, myocard damage |
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vascular shock |
normal blood vol; extreme vasodial
result anaphalaxis, neurogentic (ANS failing) |
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transient shock |
temp vasodial
result: tanning, summer |
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hypotension |
low BP (systolic <100) |
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hypertension |
high BP; >140/90
can cause: vasc disease, renal failure, stroke
primary (90%)- unknown cause |
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septicemia |
bacterial (vasodialators), systemic |
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distribution change with exercise |
Brain: constant heart, muscles, skin: increase organs: decrease |
