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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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normally, what happens to venous flow in the legs during inspiration? A. increases B. decreases C. no change |
B. decreases |
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All of the following occur during expiration except: A. venous return to the heart decreases B. venous flow in the legs increases C. abdominal pressure increases D. the diaphragm rises into the thoracic cavity |
C. abdominal pressure increases. During expiration, abdominal pressure does not increase; it decreases. Recall that during expiration, the diaphragm ascends into the thorax and decompresses the abdomen. |
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downward movement of the diaphragm (_______) decreases venous flow in the legs - downward -> decrease |
inspiration |
inspiration of expiration |
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upward movement of the diaphragm (__________) increases venous flow in the legs - upward ->increase |
expiration |
inspiration or expiration |
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when venous flow in the leg decreases venous return to the heart _______. |
increases |
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when venous flow in the leg increases, venous return to the heart _________. |
decreases |
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during inspiration, venous flow in the leg _______, and venous return to the heart ________. |
decreases, increases |
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during expiration, venous flow in the leg _______, and venous return to the heart ________. |
increases, decreases |
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during inspiration, thoracic pressure _______, and abdominal pressure ________. |
decreases, increases |
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during expiration, thoracic pressure _______, and abdominal pressure ________. |
increases, decreases |
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what are the pressure-flow relationships as a formula? |
pressure gradient = flow x resistance |
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Ohm's Law: |
voltage = current x resistance |
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electrical resistance is reported in units of ___. |
ohms |
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in the circulatory system, the resistance vessels are called _________. |
arterioles |
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what kind of pressure is related to the weight of blood pressing on a vessel measured at a height above or below heart level? |
hydrostatic pressure |
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Hydrostatic pressure is measured in units of ____. |
mmHg |
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_________ means flat on your back. |
supine |
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When a patient is supine, all parts of the body are @ the same level as the heart, hydrostatic pressure is _____ everywhere. |
zero |
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In a supine individual, with arterial blood pressure in the arm @ 140 mmHg, what is the hydrostatic pressure at all locations within the arterial circulation> |
0 mmHg |
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In a supine individual, with arterial blood pressure in the arm @ 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure at the knee? |
140 mmHg. hydrostatic pressure is 0 mmHg, and measured preasure at the knee equals the pressure at the heart. |
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In a supine individual, with arterial blood pressure in the arm @ 140 mmHg, wht is the arterial pressure in the carotid artery of the neck? |
140 mmHg |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the hydrostatic pressure at all locations within the arterial circulation? (above heart level, heart level, below heart level) |
Hydrostatic pressure above heart level would be negative (-30mmHg around the top of head), hydrostatic pressure @ heart level would be 0mmHg, hydrostatic pressure below heart level would be positive ( 50 mmHg, around the waist, 75 mmHg around the knees, 100 mmHg around the ankles |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure measured in the toe of the upright patient? |
240 mmHg since the hydrostatic pressure around the toe is 100 mmHg, 140 + 100 = 240 mmHg |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure measured at the standing patient's knee? |
215 mmHg. hydrostatic pressure around the knee is 75 mmHg 140 + 75 = 215 mmHg |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure measure at the standing patient's waist? |
190 mmHg, hydrostatic pressure at the waist is 50 mmHg, 140 + 50 = 190 mmHg. |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure measured at the standing patient's upper arm? |
140 mmHg, hydrostatic pressure at the upper arm is around 0 mmHg since it is level with the heart. 140 + 0 = 140 mmHg |
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In a standing patient with an arterial blood pressure of 140 mmHg, what is the arterial pressure measured at the finger when the patient fully extendends an arm toward the sky? |
90 mmHg extended finger towards the sky would be lower than -30 mmHg, more around -50 mmHg, 140 - 50 = 90 mmHg |
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