Ch. 18-26 Mcgraw-Hill Paramedic Umc 2010 Trauma

Front 1

Newtons first law

Back 1

The Law of inertia: A body at a constant state remains at that constant state until some outside force acts upon it. pg. 357

Front 2

A body at a constant state remains at that constant state until some outside force acts upon it. pg. 357

Back 2

Newtons first law
Law of inertia

Front 3

Newtons second law

Back 3

The Law of acceleration:
Force = Mass x Acceleration

Front 4

Newtons third law

Back 4

Law of reciprocal actions:
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Front 5

Order, names, and number of Vertebrea

Back 5

total 33
Cervical = 7
Thoracic = 12
Lumbar = 5
Sacral = 5 fused
Coccyx = 4 fused

Front 6

_____ is due to disruption of sympathetic outflow what leaves unopposed vagal tone.

Back 6

Neurogenic shock

Front 7

characterized by hypotension, warm, dry skin, and bradycardia.

Back 7

Neurogenic shock

Front 8

#1 cause of spinal cord injury

Back 8

Blunt trauma secondary to MVC ?

Front 9

phases of multiple system organ failure

Back 9

Ischemic phase
capillary stagnation phase
washout phase

Front 10

As tissue blood flow decreases due to peripheral vasoconstriction and hypovolemia, the cells are said to be in this phase

Back 10

Isechemic phase of MULTIPLE SYSTEM ORGAN FAILURE

Front 11

As isschemia worsens, sludging of blood moving through the capillary beds begins to occur. This further decreases blood flow to the organs and tissues. Capillary sudging results in the formation of microscopic sized blood clots, called microemboli. This event is called the ______ ______ phase of Multiple system organ failure

Back 11

Capillary Stagnation phase

Front 12

little blood flow is occuring and little perfusion or circulation of nutrients and wastes is occurring.

Back 12

Capillary Stagnation phase

Front 13

As the capillary bed become more hypoxic, the sphincter muscles relax and the remaining contents that are not formed into micro emboli move out of the capillary bed. This phase of multi system organ failure is called

Back 13

Washout phase

Front 14

results from a compressive force that causes cellular disruption with immediate cell lysis

Back 14

Crush injury

Front 15

A systemic disorder involving severe metabolic disturbances, resulting from the crush of skeletal muscle

Back 15

Crush syndrome

Front 16

The shortest documented time for crush syndrome to occur is

Back 16

4 hours

Front 17

The pt. suffering from this condition will present with hypovolemic shock, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis, acute myoglobinuric renal failure, and perhaps compartment syndrome.

Back 17

Crush syndrome

Front 18

what is the most likley symptom of shock in a pregnant pt. involved in MVC

Back 18

plecental abruption

Front 19

why are pressure points not used to control bleeding

Back 19

there are no data in the medical literature to support its use.

Front 20

up to 15% blood loss

Back 20

Class I

Front 21

15%-30% blood loss

Back 21

Class II

Front 22

30%-40% blood loss

Back 22

Class III

Front 23

> 40% blood loss

Back 23

Class IV

Front 24

what does the reticular avtivating system controll

Back 24

consciousness

Front 25

The most common major thoracic injury in the pediatric population and why

Back 25

Pulmonary contusion--because the ped chest wall is more deformable, affording the lungs less protection.

Front 26

A piece of fibrous tissue which is a remnant of the embryological circulatory system, tethers the aortic arch to the pulmonary artery outlow tract. Plays an important role in deceleration injuries of the great vesssels.

Back 26

Ligamentum Arteriosum.

Front 27

Solid abdominal organs

Back 27

Liver
Spleen
Kidneys
Pancreas

Front 28

The primary concern with injury to solid organs

Back 28

substantial or even fatal blood loss

Front 29

Hollow abdominal organs

Back 29

stomach
small bowel
colon
gallbladder
ureters
urethra
fallopian tubes
uterus
urinary bladder

Front 30

What serious problem is caused by injury to hollow visceral organs

Back 30

organ contents such as acid, bacteria, partially digested food, and stool are released into the abdomen can lead to life threatening sceptic shock

Front 31

What is a Jefferson Fracture

Back 31

Fracture of the ring of the first cervical vertebra

Front 32

what causes a Jefferson Fracture

Back 32

results from an axial load to the top of the skull from such mechanisms as diving into a shallow pool or pond.

Front 33

What is the most common type of spinal Fx

Back 33

wedge shaped compression fracture

Front 34

When the ring of C1 is pushed down on the body of C2, resulting in a break in the ring of C1. This pattern is called a

Back 34

Jefferson fracture

Front 35

When the forces exceed the ability of the vertebrae to resist them, the vertebral body shatters outward from within. This is called a

Back 35

burst Fx

Front 36

The most commonly Fx vertebra

Back 36

C2

Front 37

Movement of one vertebral body on the one immediately below or above

Back 37

Subluxation

Front 38

The complete dislocation of a joint

Back 38

Luxation

Front 39

partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint

Back 39

Subluxation

Front 40

When the ligaments of the vertebra are completely disrupted, so they no longer provide structural support for the bony vertebra a ______ occurs

Back 40

dislocation.

Front 41

the most frequently fractured tarsal

Back 41

Calcaneus

Front 42

caused by stretching forces applied to a ligament

Back 42

sprain

Front 43

caused by stretching forces applied to a tendon

Back 43

strain (muscle)

Front 44

Burn involving only the outermost layer of skin tissue, the epidermis and are not life-threatening

Back 44

first degree

Front 45

Burns involving the dermal layer, and they are subdivided into categories of "thickness."

Back 45

Second degree

Front 46

Burns that have penetrated through both layers of the skin (epidermis and dermis) and have extended into the subcutaneous layers

Back 46

Third degree

Front 47

Burns isolated to the epidermis that do not blister and become erythematous

Back 47

first degree

Front 48

Blister formation is common with this type of burn

Back 48

second degree

Front 49

Burns that appear white or waxy, cherry red, charred, black, or leathery, depending upon the source and depth or the burn

Back 49

third degree (full thickness)

Front 50

PASG

Back 50

pneumatic anti-shock garment

Front 51

What does PASG do

Back 51

vascular compression that mimics an increase in peripheral vascular resistance

Secondly can tamponade (compress and control) active external hemorrhage if the device overlies the site of hemorrhage.

Finally can stabilize pelvic Fx limmiting further blood loss.

Front 52

Applying the PASG to pt's with hemorrhagic shock can be harmful if the source of the bleeding is where

Back 52

in the Thorax

Front 53

I am in a hurry

Back 53

Tengo prisa