Ch. 17: Sense Organs - The Eye And The Ear

Front 1

accommodation

Back 1

Normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near.

Front 2

choroid

Back 2

Middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera.

Front 3

ciliary body

Back 3

Structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris.

Front 4

cones

Back 4

Photoreceptor cells in the retina that transform light energy into a nerve impulse.

Front 5

conjunctiva

Back 5

Delicate membrane lining the undersurface of the eyelids and covering the anterior eyeball.

Front 6

cornea

Back 6

Fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball.

Front 7

fovea centralis

Back 7

Tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision.

Front 8

iris

Back 8

Pigmented (colored) layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye.

Front 9

lens

Back 9

Transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye.

Front 10

macula

Back 10

Yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains the fovea centralis.

Front 11

optic disc

Back 11

Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina.

Front 12

optic nerve

Back 12

Cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain (cerebral cortex).

Front 13

pupil

Back 13

Central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass.

Front 14

refraction

Back 14

Bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina.

Front 15

retina

Back 15

Light-sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells (rods and cones).

Front 16

rods

Back 16

Photoreceptor cells of the retina essential for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision.

Front 17

sclera

Back 17

Tough, white outer coat of the eyeball.

Front 18

ambly/o

Back 18

dull, dim

Front 19

aque/o

Back 19

water

Front 20

blephar/o

Back 20

eyelid

Front 21

conjunctiv/o

Back 21

conjunctiva

Front 22

cor/o

Back 22

pupil

Front 23

corne/o

Back 23

cornea

Front 24

cycl/o

Back 24

ciliary body or muscle of the eye

Front 25

dacry/o

Back 25

tears, tear duct

Front 26

dipl/o

Back 26

double

Front 27

glauc/o

Back 27

gray

Front 28

ir/o

Back 28

iris

Front 29

irid/o

Back 29

iris

Front 30

kerat/o

Back 30

cornea

Front 31

lacrim/o

Back 31

tears

Front 32

mi/o

Back 32

smaller, less

Front 33

mydr/o

Back 33

widen, enlarge

Front 34

nyct/o

Back 34

night

Front 35

ocul/o

Back 35

eye

Front 36

ophthalm/o

Back 36

eye

Front 37

opt/o

Back 37

eye, vision

Front 38

optic/o

Back 38

eye, vision

Front 39

palpebr/o

Back 39

eyelid

Front 40

papill/o

Back 40

optic disc; nipple-like

Front 41

phac/o

Back 41

lens of the eye

Front 42

phak/o

Back 42

lens of the eye

Front 43

phot/o

Back 43

light

Front 44

presby/o

Back 44

old age

Front 45

pupill/o

Back 45

pupil

Front 46

retin/o

Back 46

retina

Front 47

scler/o

Back 47

sclera; hard

Front 48

scot/o

Back 48

darkness

Front 49

uve/o

Back 49

uvea; vascular layer of the eye

Front 50

vitre/o

Back 50

glassy

Front 51

xer/o

Back 51

dry

Front 52

-opia

Back 52

vision

Front 53

-opsia

Back 53

vision

Front 54

-tropia

Back 54

to turn

Front 55

astigmatism

Back 55

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye.

Front 56

cataract

Back 56

Clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision.

Front 57

diabetic retinopathy

Back 57

Retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurysms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization (new blood vessels form in the retina).

Front 58

enucleation

Back 58

Removal of the entire eyeball.

Front 59

esotropia

Back 59

A form of strabismus where one eye turns inward; cross-eyed.

Front 60

exotropia

Back 60

A form of strabismus where one eye turns outward; wall-eyed.

Front 61

glaucoma

Back 61

Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision.

Front 62

hordeolum

Back 62

Localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid.

Front 63

hyperopia (hypermetropia)

Back 63

Farsightedness.

Front 64

keratoplasty

Back 64

Surgical repair of the cornea.

Front 65

LASIK

Back 65

Use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism).

Front 66

macular degeneration

Back 66

Progressive damage to the macula of the retina.

Front 67

myopia

Back 67

Nearsightedness.

Front 68

nystagmus

Back 68

Repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes.

Front 69

ophthalmoscopy

Back 69

Visual examination of the interior of the eye.

Front 70

phacoemulsification

Back 70

Ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens, which then is aspirated through the ultrasonic probe.

Front 71

presbyopia

Back 71

Impairment of vision as a result of old age.

Front 72

Snellen chart

Back 72

An eye chart used to assess visual acuity.

Front 73

strabismus

Back 73

Abnormal deviation of the eye.

Front 74

tonometry

Back 74

Measures intraocular pressure to detect glaucoma.

Front 75

IOP

Back 75

intraocular pressure

Front 76

HEENT

Back 76

head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat

Front 77

PERRLA

Back 77

pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation

Front 78

auditory canal

Back 78

Channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum.

Front 79

auditory meatus

Back 79

Auditory canal.

Front 80

auditory nerve fibers

Back 80

Carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain (cerebral cortex).

Front 81

auditory tube (eustachian tube)

Back 81

Channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx.

Front 82

auricle (pinna)

Back 82

Flap of the ear; the protruding part of the external ear, or pinna.

Front 83

cerumen

Back 83

Waxy substance secreted by the external ear; earwax.

Front 84

cochlea

Back 84

Snail shell-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing-sensitive receptor cells.

Front 85

labyrinth

Back 85

Maze-like series of canals of the inner ear.

Front 86

malleus

Back 86

First ossicle of the middle ear.

Front 87

ossicle

Back 87

Small bone of the ear; includes the malleus, incus, and stapes.

Front 88

pinna

Back 88

Auricle; flap of the ear.

Front 89

semicircular canals

Back 89

Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium.

Front 90

stapes

Back 90

Third ossicle of the middle ear.

Front 91

tympanic membrane

Back 91

Membrane between the outer and the middle ear; eardrum.

Front 92

vestibule

Back 92

Central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea.

Front 93

acous/o

Back 93

hearing

Front 94

audi/o

Back 94

hearing; the sense of hearing

Front 95

audit/o

Back 95

hearing

Front 96

aur/o

Back 96

ear

Front 97

auricul/o

Back 97

ear

Front 98

cochle/o

Back 98

cochlea

Front 99

mastoid/o

Back 99

mastoid process

Front 100

myring/o

Back 100

eardrum, tympanic membrane

Front 101

ossicul/o

Back 101

ossicle

Front 102

ot/o

Back 102

ear

Front 103

salping/o

Back 103

eustachian tube, auditory tube

Front 104

staped/o

Back 104

stapes (third bone of the middle ear)

Front 105

tympan/o

Back 105

eardrum, tympanic membrane

Front 106

vestibul/o

Back 106

vestibule

Front 107

-cusis

Back 107

hearing

Front 108

-acusis

Back 108

hearing

Front 109

-otia

Back 109

ear condition

Front 110

-meter

Back 110

instrument to measure

Front 111

acoustic neuroma

Back 111

Benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve (8th cranial nerve) in the brain.

Front 112

audiogram

Back 112

A chart showing the results of audiometry.

Front 113

audiometer

Back 113

An electrical device that delivers acoustic stimuli of specific frequencies to determine a patient's hearing loss for each frequency.

Front 114

audiometry

Back 114

Testing the sense of hearing.

Front 115

cholesteatoma

Back 115

Collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear.

Front 116

cochlear implant

Back 116

Surgical insertion of a device that allows sensorineural hearing-impaired persons to understand speech.

Front 117

deafness

Back 117

Loss of the ability ot hear.

Front 118

ear thermometry

Back 118

Measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum.

Front 119

Meniere disease

Back 119

Disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea and the semicircular canals.

Front 120

otitis media

Back 120

Inflammation of the middle ear.

Front 121

otoscopy

Back 121

Visual examination of the ear canal with an otoscope.

Front 122

serous otitis media

Back 122

A noninfectious inflammation of the middle ear with accumulation of serous fluid.

Front 123

suppurative otitis media

Back 123

Inflammation of the middle ear with pus formation caused by bacterial infection.

Front 124

tinnitus

Back 124

Sensation of noises (ringing, buzzing, whistling, booming) in the ears.

Front 125

vertigo

Back 125

Sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects.

Front 126

otosclerosis

Back 126

Hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear.

Front 127

AOM

Back 127

acute otitis media

Front 128

EENT

Back 128

eyes, ears, nose, and throat

Front 129

ENT

Back 129

ears, nose, and throat

Front 130

OM

Back 130

otitis media