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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what protects the membranes of the airways?
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mucin layer, because of turbulent flow it is almost certain that particles will contact the mucus at some point.
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what is a ciliated cell?
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specialized cell, sweeps mucin blobs out of airway. cough and sneeze help remove lare particles or excess mucus.
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what immunoglobulin is present in mucus?
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secretory IgA sIgA
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What are the defenses of the eyes nasopharynx lungs?
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eyes- blinking, tears, lysozyme, sIgA, lactoferrin
NP- resident microflora, lysozyme, sIgA, lactoferrin, phags Lungs- Macrophages |
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why are liquid aerosols more frequently associated with the spread of lung infections.
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they are small and succeed in bypassing the defenses of the upper respiratory tract. and they tend to remain suspended in air longer.(no easy inexpensive way to clean)
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what is probably the best way to disinfect air?
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UV lights ( careful with the eyes)
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whats the best way to prevent transmission of airborne diseases?
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prevent aerosol formation. cover your freakin mouth when you sneeze.
eliminate crowded conditions that increase risk of inhaling |
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what is the lungs 2nd line of defense (first is airway defenses)
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alveolar macrophages. during infection neutrophils, NKC, and cytoxic T cells ( kill pathogens that macrophages cant) also enter area.
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What are activated macrophages for?
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they kill bacterial or fungal pathogens that cannot be killed by normal macrophages.
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when do granulomatous form?
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if phag cells cannont eliminate an invader. they wall it off with fibrin. these granulomatous eventually calcify.
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how do resident microbiota help protect you?
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the normal non-pathogenic bacteria occupies space and prevents the pathogens from colonizing the area.
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