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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
TRUE OR FALSE: |
TRUE
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Caused by friction from a rough hard surface
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Abrasions
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Type of prophylactic injection recommended to prevent an infection if a patient experiences an open trauma
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Tetanus
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Cause pain & very little bleeding
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Puncture Wounds
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May be smooth or jagged, depending on the object that did the cutting
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Edges of a Laceration
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Anything that enters a portion of the body where it does not belong
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Foreign Body
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Common sites for foreign bodies
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* Ears * Eyes * Nose * Any Surface Area of the Body |
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Common foreign bodies in the eye
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* Bugs * Dust
* Rust * Small Pieces of Brush * Sand * Small Pieces of Metal * Tree Branches * Hair
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Confirms the presence or previous presence of a foreign body
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By staining the eye with fluorescein to visualize a corneal abrasion
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Rule used to determine the % of body surface area that is affected when a person sustains burn injuries
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Rule of Nines
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Persons at greatest risk for sunburn
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* Light or Fair Skin
* Freckles * Blonde or Red Hair |
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Major burns
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Are referred to burn centers for treatment
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Sunburn Tx.
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* Cooling w/Cool Water
* Antiseptic Spray * Analgesic Spray |
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Result of thermal insults to the tissues
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Burns
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Shows an visible burn at the point of entry of the & point of exit
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Electrical Burn
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Shows cardiac or respiratory failure
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Electrical Shock
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Symptoms of early-stage hypothermia
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* Fatigue * Numbness
* Loss of coordination * Thick speech * Disorientation * Blue puffy skin * Slow, weak pulse * Shallow breathing * Dilated pupils |
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Temperature of 105 degrees F or higher
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Heat Stroke
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Core body temperature drops below 95 degrees F
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Hypothermia
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If a patient calls the office after being bitten by a snake, what steps should you inform him or her NOT to take?
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* Do not apply cold
* Do not cut the wound * Do not apply a tourniquet * Do not apply electrical shock |
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Areas of the body that are at high risk for frostbite when exposed to extreme cold
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* Face
* Ears * Fingers * Toes |
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2 diseases transmitted by mosquitos
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* West Nile Virus
* Malaria |
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2 diseases may be transmitted by ticks to humans
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* Lyme Disease
* Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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Substance that insects inject when they bite a person
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Venom
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Incubation time for a person to become ill, between the time he is bitten by a tick and when he begins to show symptoms, of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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Several days to 2 weeks
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Best way to remove an insect stinger
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Scrape the area where the stinger is lodged with a plastic card or fingernail
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Mild symptoms of altitude sickness
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* Nausea * Vomiting
* Headache * Dizziness * Difficulty sleeping * Air hunger * Loss of appetite * SOB upon exertion * Rapid pulse |
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These mimic jet lag or the flu and can subside as the body adjusts to the higher altitude
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Mild symptoms of altitude sickness
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4 species of poisonous snakes in US
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* Rattlesnakes
* Copperheads * Water moccasins * Coral snakes |
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Way to determine whether a poisonous OR nonpoisonous snake has bitten you
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Two typical fang marks indicative of poisonous snakes
(except Coral poisonous snakes showing chew type bite) |
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Poisonous snake responsible for the greatest number of snakebites
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Rattlesnakes
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TRUE OR FALSE: |
TRUE
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People with these bites should be transported to an emergency facility
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* Black widow spider
* Brown recluse spider * Scorpion |
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Antibiotic treatment of choice for Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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* Tetracycline
* Doxycycline |
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Nerve that is entrapped when a patient has carpal tunnel syndrome
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Median Nerve
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TRUE OR FALSE:
Tennis players are the only people who are diagnosed with tennis elbow |
FALSE
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Tx.
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* PT
* Ceasing Repetitive Motion Activity * Anti-Inflammatory drugs: * Oral Corticosteroids or Local Injection * Ice Packs * Splint * Surgery |
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What is the health care worker's responsibility in regard to reporting suggested child abuse and neglect?
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In most states the worker is required to report suspected child abuse to the local or state law enforcement or child protective agency
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Bioterrorism sources of danger
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* Anthrax
* Smallpox * Plague * Botulism * Radiation exposure |
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Smallpox Virus could be spread throughout the population how?
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Smallpox Virus be spread throughout the population
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Area of the body that would be affected by an outbreak of plague
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Lungs
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Clues to Dx. of suspected child abuse
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* Failure to make well-child visits / get immunizations
* History is not realistic * No history of injury, yet an injury is observed * History given doesn't go along with type of injury present * Mechanism of injury or history is vague * History has a tendency to change when repeated or provided to other health care providers * When parents are interviewed separately, they may provide conflicting statements * No history of changes in behavior of child with older injuries * History of repeated visits with injuries; possibly to many facilities * Evidence or history of repeated fractures or scars from previous injuries * History of repeated accidental ingestions |
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Physical indicators of child abuse & neglect
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* Bruising (Finger marks, Narrow bruises)
* Cigarettes burns * Scalding burns * Fractures * Teeth marks * Welts |
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May be in areas that are usually covered by clothes and be in different stages of healing
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Bruising
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Are usually over soft tissue and not bony areas that would normally become bruised if a child were to fall or run into an object
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Bruising
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May be present that wrap around with or without evidence of rings
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Finger Marks
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Size of cords or hangers may be seen - There may be horizontal bruises that wrap around with possible buckle marks
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Narrow Bruises
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These may be present anywhere, including the soles of the feet, hands, buttocks, or genitals
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Small round burn areas from cigarettes
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May be present, and a dipping line pattern will usually be evident where the child was held down in the water
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Scalding Burns
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May be present, especially in long bones
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Fractures
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From human bites may be seen
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Teeth Marks
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From paddles, sticks, or belts may be obvious
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Welts
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3 symptoms leading to DR Dx. Shaken Baby Syndrome
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*Subdural Hematoma
*Cerebral Edema *Retinal Hemorrhage |
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Intimate partner violence may also be referred to as
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* Adult Physical Abuse * Domestic violence * Spouse abuse * Battered spouse syndrome |
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TRUE OR FALSE: |
FALSE
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Any nonconsensual sexual contact or activity
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Sexual Abuse
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What does IVP stand for? |
Intimate Partner Violence
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Result of threatening or actual physical abuse, a pattern of behavior in which the victim is repeatedly physically assaulted by her or his partner |
Intimate Partner Violence (IVP)
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Most reliable method to determine a child's paternity
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DNA Testing
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2 major factors identified as the incidence and continuation of intimate partner abuse or domestic violence
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Power & Control
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How long must evidence collected during a sexual assault examination be maintained
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Minimum of 7 years
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3 typical stages of the cycle in family abuse
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Stage 1: Tensions Build
Stage 2: Follows when the abuse actually takes place Stage 3: The abuser feels remorse |
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Victims of abuse can include
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* Men
* Women * Children/Infants |
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a repetitive motion injury that involves what nerve
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Median Nerve
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Gentle cleansing, approximation & securing of the edges, debridement, suturing, sterile dressing application, & use of tissue glue are all methods to treat
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Laceration
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Soft tissue injury where the outer layer of the skin has been scraped away
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Abrasion
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Soft tissue injury where the skin, tissue, and bone are being pulled away from the body
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Avulsion
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Heat Stroke Symptoms
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* Red, hot, dry skin
* Headache * Dizziness * SOB * Body temperature more than 105 F |
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Thoracic outlet syndrome involves compression of what nerve
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Brachial Plexus Nerve
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% body area burned is determined by using
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Rule of Nines
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Foreign bodies found in ears
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* Bugs * Insects
* Cereal * Peas * Beans * Grapes * Pebbles * Cotton |
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Frostbite Tx.
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Deep rewarming supervision by health care professionals
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State laws vary, but most require reporting of suggested child abuse & neglect by
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*Health care workers
*Teachers |
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avulsion.
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The soft-tissue injury that occurs when a body part becomes entangled or entrapped resulting in skin, tissue, and bone being pulled from the body is a(n)
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abrasion.
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A soft-tissue injury in which the outer layer of the skin has been scraped away is an
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copious irrigation of the wound.
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Treatment of a puncture wound includes
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full thickness.
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A burn that involves destruction of the skin and underlying tissue is termed
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follows the path of least resistance
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In electrical shock the current
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heat stroke.
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The individual who has a body temperature above 105 °F; red, hot, and dry skin; headache; dizziness; and shortness of breath is experiencing
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shivering, disorientation, fatigue.
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The person suffering from hypothermia experiences
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organisms that cause tetanus enter the body directly into the bloodstream through wounds.
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Tetanus toxoid prophylaxis is important in any person who has sustained open trauma because
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keeping the victim quiet and transporting to an emergency facility.
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Treatment of snakebite includes
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carpal tunnel syndrome, white finger, synovitis.
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Cumulative trauma disorders include
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the percentage of body surface affected by burns.
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The rule of nines is used to calculate
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thoracic outlet syndrome.
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Compression of the brachial plexus nerves may also be called
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Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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_____ is a severe systemic infection, transmitted by a tick, and characterized by a maculopapular rash, small hemorrhages under the skin, and involvement of vital organs.
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bruising and burns, observable injuries such as teeth marks, welts and fractures.
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Physical patterns observed in child abuse include
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vary by state but should be known.
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The legal responsibilities of the health care provider in battered spouse syndrome
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gentle cleansing and approximation and securing the edges, debridement, suturing, and sterile dressing application, the use of tissue glue.
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Treatment of a laceration includes
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cataracts, cervical spine injuries, ruptured tympanic membranes.
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Complications of survivors of lightning strikes include
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bugs and insects, cereal, peas, beans, grapes, and pebbles,cotton
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Foreign bodies in the ear may include
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scraping across it with a credit card.
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The best way to remove the "stinger" from the site of an insect sting is
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the risk of infection, pain, risk of tetanus.
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All incidents of open trauma have a commonality in
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False
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SPFs of at least 6 are recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation as a protection against the sun's harmful rays or UVB.
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False
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Treatment of frostbite includes vigorous massage of the affected area.
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False
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There are no specific tests or documentation procedures available for the rape victim.
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False
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Victims of elder abuse are eager to admit to being victims.
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False
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Only women are victims of spousal abuse.
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True
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Carpal tunnel syndrome involves entrapment of the median nerve
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True
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DNA-parentage testing is conclusive in determining genetic profiles of the mother, child, and father.
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In Shaken Infant Syndrome, which of the following is NOT and indicator that will lead to its diagnosis?
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bruises on the head
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Chloroquine is used to treat
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malaria
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Inflammation of the tendons of the thumb caused by irritation of the long abductor and short extensor tendons is:
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De Quervain's disease
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Which type of burn involves all layers of the skin and produces blisters?
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partial thickness
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Tennis elbow is also known as:
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lateral humeral epicondylitis
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Which of the following may help lead to a diagnosis of a foreign body in the nose?
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Mucus drips from the unobstructed nare and may be foul smelling
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Which of the following is an example of a crushing injury?
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when your finger is shut in a door
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If you go into a dark room and shine a light into the ear, you might:
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get a live bug to crawl out
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Which of the following is an example of an avulsion?
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degloving
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Which of the following are caused by a mosquito bite?
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malaria, West Nile fever
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False
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It takes at least 20 sunburns with severe blistering in order to cause skin cancer.
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The __________ is responsible for the greatest number of poisonous snake bites in the US
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rattlesnake
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Which of the following is a difference between a coral snake and other poisonous snakes?
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leaves chew marks instead of fang marks
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True
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Rust rings on the cornea may be the result of foreign bodies in the eye.
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True
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In Shaken Infant Syndrome, there is no outward indication of physical trauma most of the time.
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True
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The most common symptom of tendonitis is acute pain.
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