Ch. 12 Transformations Around The Globe

Front 1

a conflict between Britian and China, lasting from 1839 to 1842, over Britian's opium trade in China

Back 1

Opium War

Front 2

the peace treaty that ended the Opium War, and gave Britian the island of Hong Kong; the U.S. and other foreign countries also gained extraterritorial rights in China

Back 2

Treaty of Nanjing

Front 3

an exemption of foreign residents from the laws of a country

Back 3

extraterritorial rights

Front 4

a mid-19th century rebellion against the Qing dynsaty in China, led by Hong Xiuquan

Back 4

Taiping Rebellion

Front 5

a foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities

Back 5

sphere of influence

Front 6

a policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, in which all nations would have equal opprotunities to trade in China

Back 6

Open Door Policy

Front 7

a 1900 revolt in China, aimed at ending foreign influence in the country

Back 7

Boxer Rebellion

Front 8

an 1854 agreement between the United States and Japan, which opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships and allowed the United States to set up an embassy in Japan

Back 8

Treaty of Kanagawa

Front 9

the period of Japanese history from 1867 to 1912, which the country was ruled by Emperor Mutsuhito

Back 9

Meiji Era

Front 10

conflict in 1894-1895 in which Japan drove Chinese forces out of Korea, destroyed the Chinese navy and began taking over Manchuria; in the peace treaty, Japan was given Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands

Back 10

Sino-Japanese War

Front 11

a 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries' efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea; Japan won the brutal land battles and captured most of Russia's Pacific fleet; it also destroyed Russia's Baltic fleet; in the Treaty of Portsmouth, Japan retained all captured territories, and forced Russia to withdraw from Manchuria and to stay out of Korea

Back 11

Russo-Japanese War

Front 12

the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

Back 12

annexation

Front 13

a military dictator of a Latin American country

Back 13

caudillo

Front 14

a U.S. policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America, announced by President James Monroe in 1823

Back 14

Monroe Doctrine

Front 15

an 1898 conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the United States supported the Cubans' fight for independence from Spain; in the peace treaty Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines became U.S. territories

Back 15

Spanish-American War

Front 16

a human-made waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, built in Panama by the United States and opened in 1914

Back 16

Panama Canal

Front 17

President Theodore Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine in which he declared that the United States had the right to exercise "police power" throughout the Western Hemisphere

Back 17

Roosevelt Corollary

Front 18

led the fight for Mexican independence from Spain in 1821 and again in 1829 when Spain tried to re-conquer Mexico; between 1833 and 1855 he was president of Mexico four times; he fought against the rebellion of Texas to become independent from Mexico, but was defeated in 1836; he led the armies of Mexico against the U.S. in the Mexican War (1846-1848) but was defeated

Back 18

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Front 19

the United States received the northern third of what was the Mexico, including California and the American southwest at the end of the Mexican War

Back 19

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Front 20

led a liberal reform movement in Mexico to redistribute land, seperate church and state, and increase educational opportunities; he was elected president in 1858, and again in 1867 after the defeat of the French occupation of Mexico from 1862 to 1867

Back 20

Benito Juarez

Front 21

the liberal reform movement in 19th-century Mexico, led by Benito Juarez

Back 21

La Reforma

Front 22

the dictator of Mexico from 1876 to 1911; he offered land and political favors to those who supported him, but terrorized, beat, or jailed those who didn't; railroads expanded, banks were built, the currency stabilized and foreign investments grew under his reign

Back 22

Porfirio Diaz

Front 23

he was jailed and later exiled to the U.S. for calling for a revolution against Porfirio Diaz; he was elected president of Mexico in 1911 after Diaz resigned, but was murdered

Back 23

Francisco Madero

Front 24

led revolutionary armies against Porfirio Diaz, that led to his withdrawal from power in Mexico in 1911

Back 24

Francisco "Pancho" Villa and Emiliano Zapata