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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CHIEF-OF-STATE
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term for the President as the ceremonial head of the United States; the symbol of all the people of the nation.
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CHIEF EXECUTIVE
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term term for the President as vested with the executive power of the United States.
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CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR
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term for the President as head of the administration of the Federal Government.
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CHIEF DIPLOMAT
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term for the President as the main architect of foreign policy and spokesperson to other countries.
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COMMANDER IN CHIEF
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term for the President as commander of the nation's armed forces.
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CHIEF-OF-PARTY
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term for the President as the leader of his or her political party.
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CHIEF CITIZEN
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term for the President as representative of the people, working for the public interest.
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'NATURAL BORN CITIZEN, 35 YEARS OLD, 14 YRS. RESIDENT OF U.S. FOR 14 YRS.
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Formal qualifications for the presidency
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JUS SANGUINIS
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doctrine which automatically bestows American citizenship on a person with one parent who is an American citizen; literally, the law of the blood
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JUS SOLI
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doctrine which grants citizenship to those born on American soil (including American military bases abroad or embassies)
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4 YEARS
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president's term of office
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"NO THIRD TERM"
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tradition set by George Washington and followed by American presidents until Franklin Roosevelt
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22nd AMENDMENT
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adopted in 1951, it limits presidents to two terms or ten years
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ARBITRARILY LIMIT ON PEOPLE'S RIGHT TO CHOOSE
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argument against presidential term limits set by the 22nd Amendment
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SAFEGUARD AGAINST EXECUTIVE TYRANNY
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argument for presidential term limits set by the 22nd Amendment
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SINGLE, SIX-YEAR TERM
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it would free a president from the pressures of campaigning for re-election and allow him/her to focus on the job; supported by Lyndon Johnson and Jimmy Carter
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$400,000 PER YEAR
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Presidential salary
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$50,000
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presidential expense allowance given in addition to salary
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NONSALARY BENEFITS
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the White House (132-rooms on 18.3 acres in Washington, D.C.); a fleet of automobiles; Air Force One & Marine One plus other planes and helicopters; Camp David (resort in Catoctin Mts.); health care; generous travel and entertainment funds, etc.
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PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION
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scheme by which a Presidential vacancy is filled.
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PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION ACT OF 1947
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law specifying the order of Presidential succession following the Vice President.
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SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE
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2nd in the line of presidential succession
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PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
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3RD in the line of presidential succession
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HEADS OF CABINET DEPARTMENTS
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next in line of presidential succession following VP, Speaker of the House, and President Pro Tempore of the Senate, consists of these - starting with the Sec. of State and proceeding in the order in which Congress created the offices
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25th AMENDMENT
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addresses presidential disability by providing that the Vie President is to become Acting President if (1) the President informs Congress in writing that he is unable to discharge his office or (2) the VP and a majority of the Cabinet inform Congress in writing that the President is so incapacitated
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ACTING PRESIDENT
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what the VP became briefly in 1985 when Ronald Reagan had surgery and in 2002 when George W. Bush had a medial procedure
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VICE PRESIDENCY
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What John Adams was talking about when he said, "In this I am nothing, but I may be everything." What John Nance Garner said "isn't worth a warm pitcher of spit." Alben Barkley said a woman had two sons: one went to sea, the other did this, and neither were ever heard from again.
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PRESIDE OVER THE SENATE and DECIDE PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY
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formal constitutional duties of the Vice President
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BALANCE THE TICKET
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when a Presidential candidate chooses a running mate who can strengthen his chance of being elected by virtue of certain ideological, graphic, racial, ethnic, gender, or other characteristics.
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PRESIDENTIAL ELECTOR
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a person elected by the voters to represent them in making a formal selection of the Vice President and President.
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ELECTORAL COLLEGE
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group of persons chosen in each State and District of Colombia every four years who make a formal selection of the President and Vice President.
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12th AMENDMENT
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added to the Constitution in 1804, it separated the presidential and vice presidential elections in order to avoid another fiasco like the election of 1800
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PRIMARY ELECTION and GENERAL ELECTION
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There are really two campaigns for the presidency - one for the party nomination and one for the actual office.
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PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY
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an election in which a party's voters 1). choose State party organization's delegates to their party's national convention, and/or 2). express a preference for their party's Presidential nomination.
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WINNER-TAKE-ALL
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system whereby a Presidential aspirant who wins the preference vote in a primary automatically wins all the delegates chosen in the primary; until recently, widely used, but now they've all but disappeared; Democratic Party rules forbid this in primaries and use instead a complex proportional representation rule to allot delegates to candidates for the national convention
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PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION
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rule applied in democratic primaries whereby any candidate who wins at least 15% of votes gets the number of State democratic convention delegates based on his or her share of that primary vote.
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PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY SYSTEM
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Progressive era reform which democratized the delegate-selection process and forced would-be nominees to test their candidacies in actual political combat, thus screening candidates
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NATIONAL PRIMARY or REGIONAL PRIMARY
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alternatives to the current presidential primary system which would reduce costs (time and money)
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CAUCUS-CONVENTION PROCESS
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system used in part or whole by some states in which a group of like-minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support in an upcoming election; this series of meetings is organized in a pyramid which culminates in a convention
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NATIONAL CONVENTION
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meeting at which a party's delegates vote to pick their Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidates.
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GOALS OF NATIONAL CONVENTION
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(1) name the party's PRES/VP nominees, (2) bring together party's factions & leaders for common purpose; adopt a party platform
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PLATFORM
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a political party's formal Statement of basic principles, stands on major issues, and objectives.
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KEYNOTE ADDRESS
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speech given at a convention to set the tone for the
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STANDARD BEARER
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a leader of a movement or party.
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SWING VOTERS
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members of the electorate who have not made up their mind at the start of a campaign and are open to persuasion by either side.
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BATTLEGROUND STATES
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States in which the outcome of an election is too close to call and either candidate could win.
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SLATE
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a list of candidates in an election.
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DISTRICT PLAN
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proposal for choosing Presidential electors by which two electors would be selected in each State according to the Statewide popular vote and the other electors would be selected separately in each of the State's congressional districts.
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PROPORTIONAL PLAN
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proposed by which each Presidential candidate would receive the same share of a State's electoral votes as he or she received in the State's popular vote.
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DIRECT POPULAR ELECTION
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proposal to do away with the electoral college and allow the people to vote directly for the President and Vice President.
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NATIONAL BONUS PLAN
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proposal for electing the President whereby the winner of the popular vote would receive a bonus of 102 electoral votes in addition to his/her State-based electoral college votes. If no one received at least 321 electoral votes, a run-off election would be held
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