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15 Cards in this Set

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Forms of a gene with slightly different DNA sequences; may encode slightly different versions of the gene's product.

Alleles

Different forms of the same gene

Reproductive mode by which offspring arise from two parents and inherit genes from both.

Sexual Reproduction

Compare between a sexual and sexual reproduction.

Fusion of two gametes to form a zygote.

Fertilization

Mature, haploid reproductive cell. An example of this is a sperm or egg cell.

Gamete

Immature reproductive cell that gives rise to haploid gametes when it divides.

Germ Cell

Having one of each chromosome characteristic of the species.

Haploid

The notation that represents it is expressed as (n)

Nuclear division process that halves the chromosome number. Basis of sexual reproduction.

Meiosis

Cell formed by fusion of two gametes at fertilization; the first cell of a new individual.

Zygote

Describe how animal and plant gametes differ.

Describe the four steps of mitosis I and what happens in each step.

Process by which homologous chromosomes exchange corresponding segments of DNA during prophase1 of meiosis.

Crossing Over

Explain how meiosis gives rise to new combinations of parental alleles.

An independent assortment of sister chromatids are mixed around to form different combinations of chromosomes when finally separated in Telophase2. during prophase1, the sister chromatids cross over at least once to mix up maternal and paternal alleles and creates a new and unique combination.

Describe the stages of meiosis 2

Name the sources of variation in sexual reproduction

1. Crossing over in propane 1 2. Segregation of chromosomes into gametes (for each chromosome pair, the maternal or paternal version is equally likely to end up in either nucleus.