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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
allele
one of a number of different forms of a gene
codominance
situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism
crossing-over
process in which homologous chromosones exchange portions of their chromatins during meiosis
diploid
term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes
fertilization
process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
gamete
specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
gene
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines the trait
genotype
specific makeup of an organasm
haploid
term used to refer to a cell that contains only a singel set of chromosomes and genes
heterozygous
used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait
hybrid
offpsring of crosses between parents w/ diff traits
incomplete dominance
situtation in which one allele is not compeletely dominant over the other
independed assortment
independent segragetion of genes during formation of gameetes
meiosis
process where # of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through speration of homologous chromosomes in diploid cell
multiple alleles
3 or more alleles of same gene
phenotype
physicla characteristics of an organism
polygenic straits
trait controlled by two or more genes
segregation
seperation of alleles during gameete formation
tetrad
structure containting four chromatids that form duringmeiosis
trait
specific characteristics that varies from one individual to another
true-breeding
term used to describe organisms that provide offspring to themselves if allowed to self pollinate